Cross-scale electrical discharge machining device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electrical discharge machining, and discloses a cross-scale electrical discharge machining device and method. The cross-scale electrical discharge machining device comprises a fixing plate fixedly connected with the acting end of electrical discharge machining equipment, a first guide wheel and a second guide wheel are arranged on the fixing plate, and an electrode wire is wound around the wheel face of the first guide wheel and the wheel face of the second guide wheel; and a jackscrew frame is arranged in the middle of a guide plate, the jackscrew frame can push the electrode wire in the direction away from the fixing plate to exceed the connecting line of the electrode wire, in the straightening state, between the first guide wheel and thesecond guide wheel, the jackscrew frame enables the electrode wire to exceed the connecting line of the electrode wires in the straightening state, the electrode wire supporting manner is changed, andtherefore forced vibration of the electrode wire is effectively restrained. Therefore, the forming precision of electrical discharge machining is greatly improved, the electrode wire keeps wire walking running in the machining process, electrode loss can be made up in time, the machining precision is kept, and the device and method are particularly suitable for cross-scale long-channel machiningand have great popularization value and wide application prospects.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of electric discharge machining, in particular to a cross-scale electric discharge machining device and method. Background technique [0002] EDM refers to the method of processing the workpiece through the electric erosion effect of the pulse discharge between the tool electrode and the workpiece electrode in a certain medium. EDM is a method of processing using electricity and heat energy that was studied in the 1940s and gradually applied to production. In the field of electric discharge machining technology, wire electric discharge cutting (WEDM) is the most concerned technology, which is widely used in mold manufacturing, processing of difficult-to-machine materials and efficient, precise and micro-precision machining of three-dimensional complex surface parts. [0003] The existing WEDM device is usually composed of a guide wheel, a tension wheel, a wire feeding tube, a wire receiving tube, a pulse po...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The existing WEDM device is usually composed of a guide wheel, a tension wheel, a wire feeding tube, a wire receiving tube, a pulse power supply and other components. Two guide wheels are used to support the electrode wire, and the electrode wire between the two guide wheels and the The workpiece is etched by electric spark discharge. The electrode wire is supported at both ends. Theoretically, the shape of the electrode wire between the two guide wheels is a straight line. However, due to the low rigidity of the electrode wire, it is subjected to discharge force, electromagnetic force, electrostatic force, fluid erosion and damping. The influence of the effect will produce deflection deformation and forced vibration. The actual trajectory is very complicated, and it is analyzed from the direction of the electrode wire vibration. It not only has longitudinal vibration along the axial direction of the electrode wire, but also perpendicular to the electrode wire. Lateral vibration on the axial plane, while the kerf width of the workpiece mainly includes the diameter of the electrode wire, the distance of the discharge gap, and the lateral amplitude of the electrode wire. The amplitude of the lateral vibration of the electrode wire directly affects the processing accuracy of wire cutting

[0004] As the tool electrode of WEDM, the wire electrode directly participates in the spark discharge. The vibration of the wire electrode during the movement will inevitably lead to a decrease in the surface quality and machining accuracy of WEDM, and at the same time make the gap between the workpiece and the wire electrode The state of spark discharge is unstable, the retraction increases, and the processing efficiency decreases

In addition, the amplitude of the electrode wire is large in the middle and small at both ends, resulting in a drum-shaped processing effect, and the greater the thickness of the cut workpiece, the larger the wire cutting wire span, the smaller the free vibration frequency of the electrode wire, and the easier it is to be affected by external vibration sources Resonance occurs, the more obvious the vibration effect, the greater the vibration amplitude of the electrode wire, and the greater the dimensional deviation of the processing features

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