Grazing intensity monitoring method based on unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a pasture scale grazing intensity monitoring method based on an unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing technology, and relates to the technical field of grazing intensity monitoring, and the method comprises the steps: building a real-time communication base station and a ground control target through employing a GPS-based post-processing difference technology, achieving laser point cloud and multispectral / hyperspectral image data acquisition based on centimeter-level measurement precision remote sensing of the unmanned aerial vehicle; establishing a grassland productivity unmanned aerial vehicle remote sensing high-precision measurement and calculation model; carrying out model verification and structure parameter comparative analysis in different grassland type areas, and achieving high-resolution rapid and accurate calculation in grassland productivity; calculating the number of the livestock in the image by using a YOLOV4 algorithm; and monitoring the grazing intensity of the investigation area according to the grassland productivity information and the number of livestock. According to the method, the unmanned aerial vehicle is used for monitoring the grazing meadow and counting the livestock in the meadow, manpower consumption is reduced, recording is clear, and the grazing state of the meadow can be monitored in real time.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of grazing intensity monitoring, in particular, to a method for monitoring grazing intensity based on UAV remote sensing technology. Background technique [0002] Grassland ecosystem is one of the most widely distributed and most important types of terrestrial ecosystems in the world. However, in recent years, with the growth of population and the doubling of the number of livestock, irrational grazing has caused serious damage to grassland ecosystems. Therefore, monitoring the actual grazing intensity of pastures and improving the grazing early warning mechanism have an irreplaceable important role and practical significance in guiding animal husbandry production and environmental protection. [0003] Studies on grazing intensity mainly focus on the effects of different grazing intensities on grassland vegetation community characteristics and grassland productivity diversity. Existing methods for estimatin...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] 1. For some high-resolution data (such as LandsatTM), due to the long repetition period, the growth of grassland vegetation affects the estimation accuracy of grazing intensity when estimating grazing intensity; while for NOAA-AVHRR, although the time resolution is very high, However, due to the low spatial resolution, it also affects the estimation accuracy of grazing intensity.

[0006] 2. When estimating the grazing intensity of each grassland type, it is assumed that the pasture growth in the study area is the same when establishing the prediction model. This assumption is suitable for grasslands with uniform growth, but for grasslands with significant differences in growth conditions, this method is used to calculate the grazing intensity prone to large errors

[0007] 3. For the estimation of livestock, it has been relying on the form of reporting by subordinates before, but it is difficult to distinguish the true and false data reported in this way. Most herdsmen will fill in false data in order to receive subsidies. There is no reliable data support for calculating grazing intensity

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