Changing of hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of natural organic substances in oxidation thermo-chemical drying course

A hydrophobic, organic substance technology, applied in other chemical processes, water/sewage treatment, water/sludge/sewage treatment, etc., can solve the problems of non-biodegradation, limited large-scale industrial application, limited source of raw materials, etc.

Inactive Publication Date: 2004-09-15
梁知维 +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These materials are relatively expensive, their raw materials and production costs are high, and large-scale industrial applications are limited
These adsorbents also have the following disadvantages: or poor floatability in water; or low adsorption capacity; or slow adsorption speed; or weak adsorption; or lose oil absorption rapidly after contacting water; Or in some typical environmental conditions, such as low temperature, the work efficiency is greatly reduced; or toxic; or have been treated with toxic chemical reagents; or the specific gravity is too small to cause practical application inconvenience; or its source of raw materials is limited;
Expensive chemical reagents increase the cost of preparation and also cause environmental pollution

Method used

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  • Changing of hydrophilic/hydrophobic characteristics of natural organic substances in oxidation thermo-chemical drying course

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0076] Example 1. Various hydrophobic and lipophilic adsorbents prepared under basic oxidation thermochemical drying conditions

[0077] Collect some raw materials, such as wood chips, bamboo chips, grass, peanut shells, bamboo leaves, corn leaves, corn stalks, corn ears, tobacco leaves, rice straw, bagasse, sweet sorghum residues, water bamboo stems, reeds, absorbent cotton, pine needles, cardboard boxes, cloth, Rice husk, bean pods, coconut palm, peat, hair, paper and sponge, without any pretreatment, under the conditions of no air convection, no blast, and no ozone, heated in a preheated oven at 250°F (121°C) for 4~ 7 hours. All materials have a significant improvement in water floating performance after treatment than before treatment. However, the floating rate of these materials on water for a long time has not yet reached a satisfactory effect, and the oil absorption capacity after short-term contact with water has only been improved slightly. For example, after a product m...

example 2

[0078] Example 2. Acid or alkali pretreatment

[0079] The raw materials are soaked in acid or alkali solution for 30 minutes at room temperature. The raw materials were taken out and squeezed dry by hand, and prepared under the conditions of Example 1. The raw materials soaked in 5-10% sodium hydroxide need to be washed with water before heat treatment. The tested raw materials are: sawdust, wood shavings, cardboard boxes, kitchen paper, straw, peat, peanut shells, coconut palm, leaves, bagasse, sweet sorghum residue, bean pods, corn stalks, cotton, grass, etc. The tested acids are: citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, malic acid, formic acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and phytic acid, with a concentration of 50-250 mM. The alkali tested were: saturated lime water, 5-10% sodium hydroxide. Compared with the corresponding products in Example 1, all tested products have improved water absorption. The acid-pretreated product has a pH of 5-6, and the alkali-pretreate...

example 3

[0080] Example 3. Air convection and higher temperature

[0081] According to the conditions of Example 1, but the raw material was pretreated with 0.2M acetic acid and heated at 350°F (177°C) for 4 to 5 hours under air convection. The tested raw materials are: wood chips, bamboo chips, grass, peanut shells, corn leaves, corn stalks, ears of corn, tobacco leaves, tea, rice straw, garlic husks, bagasse, sweet sorghum residue, rice stems, pine needles, brown, flax, ramie, Carton, cloth, shredded cotton seed, rice husk, bean pods, coconut palm, hair and paper. Compared with the corresponding products in Example 1, all tested products have a certain improvement in oil absorption capacity, a significant improvement in water floating capacity and a significant improvement in oil absorption capacity after being in contact with water for a short time. The most improved products are: wood chips, corn ears, coconut palm, tobacco leaves, grass, bagasse and sweet sorghum residue. For example,...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an oxidative thermochemical drying process for changing the hydrophilic and hydrophobic characteristics of organic substances, in particular naturally occuring organic substances, to prepare a new class of hydrophobic oleophilic products, and a new class of a thermochemical convection apparatus or kiln equipped with a gas flow system, in an oxidizing medium for a predetermined period of time. The efficiency of the treatment can be improved by pretreatments of the raw materials, such as by boiling in water, by soaking in acidic or alkaline solution, by mechanically expanding, by adding volatile reagents and by freezing. One unique pretreatment with carbonate or bicarbonate of the raw materials results in hydrophilic oleophilic bi-functional products. The series of the hydrophobic oleophilic and hydrophilic oleophilic products made from different natural substances under various oxidative thermochemical drying processes have different characteristics and are low-cost, efficient, biodegradable, environmentally harmless and widely useful.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a novel natural hydrophobic and lipophilic material and an oxidative thermochemical drying process for the production of natural hydrophilic and lipophilic materials. The raw materials used in this process are various biological materials, humus, minerals and their derivatives. The product has low or high affinity for water in liquid phase, gas phase and solid phase, and high affinity for oils, hydrocarbons, harmful metal ions, radioactive substances, pollutants and poisons. Background technique [0002] The adsorption technology is superior to other processing technologies due to its simple design, convenient operation, quick effect and less interference. The demand for hydrophobic and lipophilic adsorbents is very large. A good hydrophobic and lipophilic adsorbent should have the characteristics of high selectivity, high adsorption capacity, high adsorption speed, good floating performance and long life. It...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A24D3/14B01D17/02B01J20/24B01J20/30B09B3/00B09C1/00B09C1/02C02F1/68C02F11/06C08H1/00C08H7/00C08H8/00C08H99/00C08L99/00C09K3/32
CPCC08H1/00C08H6/00C08H99/00C08L99/00C09K3/32B09C1/02B09C1/00B01J20/24C02F1/681C08H8/00B01D17/0202B01J20/30Y02W10/37Y02W10/40
Inventor 梁知维梁文熙
Owner 梁知维
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