Steam generator comprising successive combustion chambers
a steam generator and combustion chamber technology, applied in the field of steam generators, can solve the problems of thermal resistance problem, inability to apply the generator architecture, harmful temperature,
Inactive Publication Date: 2006-11-09
INST FR DU PETROLE +1
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Benefits of technology
The present invention is related to a steam generator with multiple combustion hearths and a vaporization zone. The steam generator has a unique design with each hearth having its own vaporization exchanger, superheating exchanger, preheating exchanger, and collecting drum. The hearths can also have additional vaporization, superheating, and preheating zones. The steam generator can also have a fumes depollution chamber with absorbent or reducing agents injected to remove harmful substances from the fumes. The hearths can be made with shell or membrane walls. The technical effects of this invention include improved energy efficiency, reduced emissions, and improved safety.
Problems solved by technology
However, the architecture of the steam generators wherein combustion takes place between air and a fuel cannot apply to the generators for which combustion takes place in the presence of an oxidizer with a high proportion of oxygen, or oxycombustion.
This solution poses a thermal resistance problem for the superheater tubes within which dry steam already circulates.
In the case of boilers working with oxycombustion, a fumes temperature of the order of 1300° C. at the combustion chamber outlet requires transfer of about 80% of the energy to this combustion chamber, which leaves an insufficient residual thermal energy for the steam superheating and water preheating stage.
Method used
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[0042] In connection with FIG. 2, steam generator 10, more commonly referred to as boiler, comprises two successive combustion hearths F1 and F2 wherein a fuel burns in the presence of an oxidizer. The fuel is a solid, liquid or gaseous fuel containing notably sulfur and nitrogen, such as heavy fuel oil, a petroleum residue, a gas, oil coke or coal, whereas the oxidizer is preferably a gas with a very high oxygen content, preferably above 80%, or pure oxygen.
[0043] At least one burner 12 supplied with fuel through a line 14 and with oxidizer through a line 16 is arranged, preferably vertically, in the upper part of primary combustion hearth F1 as shown in the figure. The layout and the amount of burners will be determined by the man skilled in the art so as to obtain a combustion with low emissions while preventing contact of the burner flame with walls 18 of this hearth. This combustion can also be performed by any other means such as grates, fluidized beds. Depending on the fuel ...
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A steam generator includes at least two successive combustion hearths with at least one burner supplied with fuel and oxidizer, a vaporization zone comprising a vaporization exchanger, a superheating zone comprising a superheating exchanger, a preheating zone comprising a preheating exchanger and a collecting drum, Each hearth includes at least one vaporization exchanger.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a thermal generator intended for steam production. [0002] More particularly, it relates to a steam generator, more commonly referred to as boiler, working from the combustion of a fuel, in particular fuel containing sulfur and nitrogen, in the presence of an oxidizer, more particularly an oxidizer with a high oxygen content, generally above 80%. [0003] Such a generator can be used notably for driving rotating machines such as steam turbines of thermal power plants, for which it is necessary to produce steam at high temperature, referred to as superheated steam, with a temperature of the order of 560° C. Another possible application of this generator is the production of steam in refineries to meet the requirements of petroleum conversion processes. It is also possible to use such a generator to produce steam for crude oil extraction. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0004] A steam generator working from the combustion of a fu...
Claims
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IPC IPC(8): F22G1/00F22B21/34F22B31/04F22G1/16
CPCF22B21/348F22G1/16F22B31/04
Inventor NIASS, TIDJANIBOUDET, NICOLASMARTIN, GERARDDUGUE, JACQUESSEGRET, JACQUESHAMMEL, MAGUELONNEGOEL, UMESHNAUDET, VALERIE
Owner INST FR DU PETROLE