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Bio-fuel cell system

a biofuel cell and system technology, applied in the field of biofuel cells, can solve the problems of redox fuel cells, oxidant regeneration efficiency, and inability to achieve wide use,

Inactive Publication Date: 2010-02-18
UNIV OF WESTERN ONTARIO
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Benefits of technology

[0033]c) circulating an aqueous solution including ferrous ions (Fe2+) and ferric ions (Fe3+) at a pH below about 1.0 from the cathode compartment to the bioreactor, and from the bioreactor to the cathode compartment, with a reaction at the cathode electrode being reduction o...

Problems solved by technology

While there have been significant advances towards the application of fuel cells in everyday life, their widespread use has not been achieved yet due in part to the high cost of electricity they produce, see Rose, R., Fuel Cells and Hydrogen: The Path Forward, Report Prepared for the Senate of the USA, .
However, the main problem in redox fuel cells is the efficiency of reoxidation of the reduced form of the oxidant (oxidant regeneration), see Larsson, R. and B. Folkesson, J. Appl. Electrochem., 20, 907 (1990); and Kummer, J. T. and D.-G.

Method used

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[0086]In studies to demonstrate the efficacy of the present bio-fuel cell, the bioreactor 26 was inoculated with A. ferrooxidans (10% v / v) isolated from a copper mine. The culture media was an aqueous solution containing 0.4 M ferrous ions as sulphate and the nutrient salt composition of Silverman and Lundgren having a pH of 1.8. Air with a flow rate of 200 L / h was injected into bioreactor 26.

[0087]After the microbial cells of A. ferooxidans were spontaneously immobilizated on the surface of the fibrous support, the oxidation of ferrous ions was observed with a rate of 1.2 g per liter bioreactor volume per hour. Once 99% of ferrous ions in the bioreactor media were oxidized, the latter was circulated with a flow rate of 90 mL / h, using peristaltic pump 30, through the cathodic compartment 14 of the system 10. The anodic compartment 16 was supplied directly with hydrogen at a rate of 0.3 mL / s, also using a peristaltic pump, not shown. T

[0088]The bioreactor containing immobilized A. fe...

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Abstract

The present invention discloses a new type of bio-fuel cell, based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions. The bio-fuel cell is based on the cathodic reduction of ferric to ferrous ions, coupled with the microbial regeneration of ferric ions by the oxidation of ferrous ions, at a pH less than about 1.0, with fuel (such as hydrogen) oxidation on the anode electrode. The microbial regeneration of ferric ions is achieved by microorganisms such as Leptospirillum ferriphilum. Electrical generation is coupled with the consumption of carbon dioxide from atmosphere and its transformation into microbial cells, which can be used as a single-cell protein.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED U.S. PATENT APPLICATION[0001]This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 562,198 filed May 16, 2006, now allowed and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 7,572,546 on Aug. 11, 2009, which application is a National Phase Application claiming the benefit of PCT / CA / 2004 / 000943 filed on Jun. 25, 2004, which further claims the benefit of priority from U.S. patent application Ser. No. 60 / 482,765 filed on Jun. 27, 2003, entitled BIOFUEL CELL, which application was filed in English, all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The present invention relates to a bio-fuel cell, and more particularly the present invention relates to a bio-fuel cell system based on the microbial regeneration of the oxidant, ferric ions, by the process of aerobic oxidation of ferrous to ferric ions by chemolithoautotrophic and / or mixotrophic microorganisms such as those of the Leptospirillum genus, Ferroplasma ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M8/16
CPCH01M4/90Y02E60/522H01M8/0293H01M8/04186H01M8/06H01M8/08H01M8/1004H01M8/1023H01M8/1025H01M8/1027H01M8/1032H01M8/1039H01M8/16H01M8/188Y02E60/523Y02E60/527Y02E60/528H01M4/92Y02E60/50C12M1/04C12P3/00H01M8/02
Inventor KARAMANEV, DIMITRE GUEORGUIEVPUPKEVICH, VICTOR R.HOJJATI, HOSSEIN
Owner UNIV OF WESTERN ONTARIO
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