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Lung aerosol collection device

a technology of aerosol collection and lung, which is applied in the field of lung aerosol collection devices, can solve the problems of difficult to obtain a lung sample and confirm the etiology of pneumonia, and increasing the risk of patients, so as to achieve accurate collection, simple and inexpensive

Active Publication Date: 2012-01-05
GEORGIA TECH RES CORP +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0008]A lower respiratory aerosol sample collection device is provided that is simple, inexpensive, and accurate for the collection of aerosols from the alveoli and bronchioles of the lung while excluding contaminating material from the upper airway. The inventive device functions without the need for complex valving, switching, or actual collection of air from the lower respiratory system. The inventive device does not require: electronic detection, collection, or measuring devices; chamber(s); resistance elements or shapes; or particular positioning. The inventive collection device also allows a sample of lower airway material from multiple exhalations to be obtained without the need for significant resetting of the device or collection of the air from a prior breath.

Problems solved by technology

Pneumonia, or an inflammation of the lungs, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.
Obtaining a sample from the lung and confirming the etiology of pneumonia has proven difficult.
This makes it difficult with the usual method of specimen collection, a sputum specimen, to confidently determine if a positive detection for S.
More invasive techniques including bronchial lavage, laparoscopic alveolar biopsy, or pleural tap do indicate presence of an organism in the lung but carry greater risk to the patient and are costly and painful.
Accurate diagnosis of pneumonia is still a major problem and the field is innovating toward complex devices with multiple valves and chambers.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0074]A breath separation and collection device is depicted in FIG. 5. The device includes a single piece conduit and shaft substantially as depicted in FIG. 2. A ball-check valve is present in the shaft. A filter is connected to the shaft and housed in a filter cartridge. A flexible chamber is attached to the second end of the conduit.

[0075]Human subjects (patients) are sampled as approved by Georgia Institute of Technology Institution Review Board as IRB Protocol H08353. Patients are asked to expel a deep cough into the device and continue exhaling residual air in the lungs. Coughing and sneezing aerosolize a greater number of lower lung pathogens as compared to exhalation alone.

example 2

[0076]Oxygen Separation Test: Oxygen absorption by blood occurs only in the lower airway (alveoli), and not in the upper airway (mouth, trachea). Thus the oxygen level in the lower airway is expected to be less than that of the upper airway. Ambient atmosphere contains approximately 21% oxygen, while expired air is about 16.5% oxygen. The oxygen content from the upper airway chamber is tested and compared with a sample from a collection chamber located on a shaft. The percentage of oxygen in each sample is measured with an oxygen meter (Teledyne Analytical Instruments, Model # GB 300). The experiment is repeated using the device of Example 1 ten times with statistical significance defined at the p<0.05 level.

[0077]As depicted in FIG. 6, the average percentage of oxygen in lower airway sample as passed through the filter is 15.9%, whereas the average upper airway sample is 18.4%. The average percentage of the room air oxygen as breathed by the patients is 20.9%. The lower airway samp...

example 3

[0079]Detection of blood ethanol in lower-respiratory air. Ingested ethanol appears 20 minutes later in the blood stream and becomes volatile in the alveolar space, not in the upper airway. Two 0.02% breath alcohol testers (Advanced Safety Devices) are connected to the inventive device. One detector samples lower airway air and is connected to the shaft. The second detector is positioned within the chamber. Participants drink 50 proof alcohol, 60 ml for females and 80 ml for males. Participants then rinse the mouth with water but are not allowed to swallow the water. After 20 minutes, the participant drinks an 8 oz glass of water and then deep coughs and exhales residual air into the inventive device as described in Example 1. The color changing crystals are allowed to develop for 2 minutes. The paired breath alcohol testers are photographed and resulting color analyzed with photo editing software and the quantitative saturation and blue levels are measured.

[0080]As a control, the v...

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Abstract

A device for collecting material from lung aerosols. The device functions by collecting aerosols from the lower airway separated from material in the by collecting air from the upper airway in a chamber that when full causes the remaining exhaled aerosols from the lungs to be captured by a filter. The filter collects sample of material from the separated lung aerosols.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 61 / 140,292 filed Dec. 23, 2009, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.GOVERNMENT INTEREST[0002]This invention was made at Georgia Institute of Technology and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Therefore, the United States Government has certain rights in this invention.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0003]The invention relates to sampling exhaled air. More specifically the invention relates to collection of materials such as pathogens from alveolar aerosols or other lower respiratory aerosols to the exclusion of significant contamination by upper respiratory materials such as solid and liquid pathogens contained therein.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0004]Pneumonia, or an inflammation of the lungs, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. In 2002, there were 451 million lower respiratory infections reported to the World Heal...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A61B10/00
CPCA61B5/082A61B2010/0087G01N33/497A61B5/097
Inventor KU, DAVID N.ANDERSON, LARRY J.MIDHA, PREM A.BERGMAN, HARRIS L.SCHOLZ, TAMERA
Owner GEORGIA TECH RES CORP
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