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Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibit annual bluegrass and rough bluegrass root growth and germination

a pseudomonas fluorescens and annual bluegrass technology, applied in the field of new strains, can solve the problems of limited use of post-emergent herbicides, difficult selection control, undesirable turfgrasses, etc., and achieve the effect of inhibiting root growth and seed germination

Active Publication Date: 2016-08-04
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

This patent describes a new biocontrol agent that can control the growth of annual bluegrass and rough bluegrass in treated areas. The agent contains specific strains of bacteria, including P. fluorescens biovar B strain XJ3, P. fluorescens biovar B strain XS18, and P. fluorescens biovar A strain LRS12, which can inhibit root growth and seed germination of both species. The biocontrol agent can also contain herbicides and fertilizers. The concentration of the bacteria applied to the treated land is between 105 and 1011 colony-forming units (CFU) per square meter of treated land. The technical effect of this patent is to provide a new and effective tool for controlling the growth of these two species of grass in areas where their presence is unwanted.

Problems solved by technology

Because annual bluegrass is a grass weed growing with turfgrass, selective control is difficult.
A few post-emergent herbicides reduce Poa annua L. growth, but they could also kill desirable turfgrasses.
As such, usage of these post-emergent herbicides are limited.
Pronamide can be used in warm-season turfgrass for established annual bluegrass, but it is slow acting.
Golf-course managers have few tools to combat Poa annua L. and the invasion of this weed often means that greens must be ripped out and replaced every ten years.
However, P. fluorescens strain WH6 and other related species failed to reduce germination of annual bluegrass in the field.
Thus, information about microbial treatments for control of weeds other than annual bluegrass cannot be used to predict strains of microorganisms that would reduce annual bluegrass under field conditions or predict criteria for selecting such strains.

Method used

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  • Pseudomonas fluorescens inhibit annual bluegrass and rough bluegrass root growth and germination

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

Isolating Bacteria with Inhibitory Growth Activity

[0046]To reduce the growth of annual bluegrass, a bacterial strain has the ability to establish and grow in the microhabitat where it is to be used. The bacteria has the ability to colonize the root system of annual bluegrass. Therefore, bacteria are selected by isolating bacteria from the rhizoplane, the rhizosphere, or both rhizoplane and rhizosphere of annual bluegrass and turfgrasses. In addition the bacteria are able to selectively inhibit Poa annua L. and not hurt the desirable plants, which are desirable turfgrass, crops, and native plants.

[0047]The method for isolating the bacteria that can control of P. annua L. and P. trivialis is illustrated in FIG. 1. A general description of this isolation method follows. Turfgrass or annual bluegrass are dug from the field and adhering soil is gently washed from the roots with flowing tap water. The roots are excised from the shoots. The bacteria are collected and isolated by placing th...

example 2

In-Vitro Screening Isolated Bacterial Strains

[0049]Bacteria colonies isolated in Example 1 are screened to select for bacteria strains that inhibit annual bluegrass growth in-vitro as exhibited by reduction in root growth or germination as compared to control plants. The bacteria strains inhibitory to annual bluegrass are then tested against various turfgrass species and other economically important plants. The bacteria strains that do not deleteriously affect turfgrass growth in-vitro are selected for further study.

TABLE 4Suppression of root growth of various plant species in agar bioassaysinvestigating Pseudomonas fluorescens strains XJ3, XS18, or LRS12.XJ3XS18LRS12Root Growth BioassayCommon NameLatin Name% SuppressionMONCOTYLEDONSAnnual bluegrassPoa annua1009894BahiagrassPaspalum notatum0100BarleyHordeum vulgare L.000Basin wildryeElymus linareus000Bentgrass - CreepingAgrostis palustris000BermudagrassCynodon dactylon000Birdseye bluegramaBouteloua gracilis000Bluebunch wheatgrassAgr...

example 3

Screening Bacterial Strains in the Growth Chamber

[0053]Bacterial strains showing significant inhibition of annual bluegrass root length or germination in Example 2 (supra) are subjected to a first screening in soil by separately growing annual bluegrass plants and turfgrass species in a growth chamber or greenhouse in the presence of the bacterial strain. Those bacteria strains are selected that inhibit annual bluegrass without deleteriously affecting desirable turfgrass.

[0054]Ritzville silt loam is obtained from a site in Lind, Wash. and passed through a 4 mm screen and then a 2 mm screen to obtain a uniform soil mixture. The screened silt loam is amended with 20% sand by weight and is used as soil in the pots. Pots are filled with soil and seeded with annual bluegrass or with turfgrass seeds. 6.4 cm diameter by 7.6 cm deep plastic pots seeded with 6-9 annual bluegrass seeds and 7.6 cm diameter by 15.2 cm deep plastic pots seeded with 5 turfgrass seeds are convenient sizes for grow...

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Abstract

A biocontrol agent containing one or more novel and isolated Pseudomonas fluorescens strains (P. fluorescens biovar B strain XJ3 (NRRL B-50851), P. fluorescens biovar B strain XS18 (NRRL B-50852), and P. fluorescens biovar A strain LRS12 (NRRL B-50853)) and a biocontrol agent containing one, two or three of these bacteria with an agriculturally acceptable carrier are useful for the control of annual bluegrass and rough bluegrass root growth and germination. The biocontrol agents of this invention may be applied to the soil and / or seeds in the fall with inhibition occurring in subsequent years. The biocontrol agent can also be used in combination with herbicides that can inhibit the growth and seed production of any standing annual bluegrass and / or fertilizer to stimulate growth of the desirable plant that will compete with the annual bluegrass weed and / or rough bluegrass. Methods for use of these biocontrol agents to control to growth of annual bluegrass and rough bluegrass are also provided.

Description

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION[0001]1. Field of Invention[0002]This invention relates to novel isolated Pseudomonas fluorescens strains that have been isolated, selected, and characterized from the naturally occurring soil bacterial populations because they inhibit the growth of annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) or inhibit the growth of both annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) and rough bluegrass (Poa trivialis), but do not inhibit the growth of desired grasses, such as turfgrasses, cereal crops, and native plants. This invention also relates to novel compositions that contain the novel Pseudomonas fluorescens strains described herein. In addition this invention relates to methods of using the novel, isolated P. fluorescens strains and the novel compositions, alone or in combination with other P. fluorescens strains, herbicides, and / or fertilizers.[0003]2. Description of the Prior Art[0004]Annual bluegrass (Poa annua L.) is a cool-season annual grass that is a major weed species in turf, turfgra...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A01N63/00C12R1/39C05G3/02A01N63/27C05G3/60
CPCA01N63/00C12R1/39C05G3/02C05G3/60A01N63/27C12R2001/39C12N1/205A01N25/08
Inventor KENNEDY, ANN C.
Owner UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
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