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Virtual trial reduction system for hip arthroplasty and coordinate systems therefor

a hip arthroplasty and virtual trial technology, applied in the field of apparatus and methods for facilitating total hip arthroplasty, can solve the problem of inefficiency of all these methods

Active Publication Date: 2011-12-13
MURPHY STEPHEN B
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The present invention provides an apparatus and method for accurately and efficiently identifying the positions of the pelvis and femur during hip surgery. This is achieved by using surgical navigation elements that make use of light, sound, or electromagnetic signals to determine the position of reference elements in the operating room. The invention also allows for the creation of a pelvic coordinate system based on a single fluoroscopic image of the pelvis taken intra-operatively, which can be used to accurately trial reduction of the hip prior to the actual reduction. The invention addresses the problems of previous methods that were time-consuming, difficult to accurately determine, and poor quality of the images."

Problems solved by technology

All of these methods are inefficient.

Method used

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  • Virtual trial reduction system for hip arthroplasty and coordinate systems therefor
  • Virtual trial reduction system for hip arthroplasty and coordinate systems therefor
  • Virtual trial reduction system for hip arthroplasty and coordinate systems therefor

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Embodiment Construction

[0031]Referring now to FIG. 1, a broach 10 of known geometry that is being inserted within a femur 12 is connected to a broach handle 14 having a navigation frame 16 associated with it. The frame 16 carries a plurality of elements 18 extending in different directions in space. These elements may, for example, be infrared reflective elements such as are commonly used in conventional surgical navigation systems. A controller 20 receives signals from the elements 18 and from these determines the instantaneous position of the broach handle and thus of the broach. The controller may be of conventional type, e.g., an infrared emitter which receives reflections from the elements 18 and from these determines the position (i.e., location and orientation) of the frame with respect to itself and thus with respect to other objects of known relation to it.

[0032]The controller 20 in turn provides output to a monitor and controller 22 which provides the functions of an augmented surgical navigatio...

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Abstract

A patient-specific pelvic coordinate system is produced from a single near AP intra-operative image of the patient, obviating the need for use of a patient tracker.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]1. Field of the Invention[0002]The invention relates to apparatus and methods for facilitating total hip arthroplasty.[0003]2. Background Information[0004]Hip arthritis due to malfunctions, fractures and diseases constitute a major source of disability. Reconstruction of the hip, whether involving first time hip replacement or replacement of failed components, is complicated by the great mobility of the hip joint and the uncertainty in the exact position of pelvis and femur during surgery. When a hip joint is replaced, as in total hip arthroplasty, critical factors to assess include changes in leg length, tension of the tissues around the joint, and stability of the replaced hip or its resistance to disassembly, referred to as hip dislocation. These critical factors are generally checked by means of a “trial reduction” (i.e., an insertion of the prosthetic femoral head into the prosthetic acetabulum). It is during this trial reduction that these crit...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): A61B5/05A61B17/16A61B19/00A61F2/36A61F2/46
CPCA61B19/52A61B19/5244A61F2/4657A61B17/1659A61B19/50A61B2019/502A61B2019/505A61B2019/508A61B2019/5255A61B2019/5272A61B2019/566A61F2/36A61F2/4607A61F2/4609A61F2/4684A61F2002/30616A61F2002/3611A61F2002/3625A61F2002/4632A61F2002/4658A61F2002/4668A61B2034/102A61B90/36A61B2034/2055A61B2034/2072A61B2034/256A61B34/20A61B34/10A61B2034/105A61B2034/108
Inventor MURPHY, STEPHEN B.
Owner MURPHY STEPHEN B
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