The present invention relates to a cosmetic composition intended for application to the epidermis for the treatment of
skin hyperpigmentation by means of a cryogenic fluid and a device configured to ensure the ejection and spraying of a controlled quantity of said fluid, characterized in that it comprises a
dose of cryogenic fluid obtained by a sequence of at least one spraying (N) of said fluid onto the epidermis at a flow rate of 0.61 ml / s, in a
negative temperature range on the
skin of between 0°C and -3°C, creating oscillations of the temperature of said epidermis, the total duration of which is between 1.5 seconds and 25 seconds, each oscillation consisting of a phase of abrupt cooling at a temperature decrease rate of between 50°C / s and 170°C / s followed by a phase of slower increase in temperature up to a temperature of between 20°C and 34°C.