The present invention relates to the use of
Desulfovibrio species, optionally contained in fecal matter, for the prevention or treatment of
inflammation-related diseases, including type 1
diabetes mellitus, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and cardiovascular diseases. The
Desulfovibrio species may be selected from
Desulfovibrio piger, Desulfovibrio fairfieldensis, Desulfovibrio desulfuricans, and related species, with specific administration methods such as enteral, oral, nasal, or rectal routes. The
bacteria may be formulated in pharmaceutical compositions, including capsules, tablets, or powders, optionally encapsulated with an
enteric coating. Additionally, Desulfovibrio species may be combined with
tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) inhibitors or
probiotic bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and
Lactobacillales to enhance therapeutic effects. The composition may contain live or attenuated bacterial cells in specific concentrations. The invention provides novel approaches for modulating gut microbiota to address
inflammation-related disorders in mammals, particularly humans.