The invention discloses a corn straw fermenting and decomposing agent which comprises a microbial bacteria solution and auxiliary materials; the microbial bacteria solution is prepared from bacillus subtilis, beer saccharomycete, bacillus licheniformis, bifidobacterium, enterococcus, pediococcus acidilactici and plant lactobacillus plantarum; total bacteria count content in the microbial bacteriasolution is not lower than 5 billions / ml; and the auxiliary materials is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-40 parts of urea, 18-60 parts of maize meal, 20-40 parts of Chinese yam meal, 10-20 parts of pumpkin meal, 4-6 parts of calcium carbonate, 5-10 parts of sodium bicarbonate, 3-4 parts of salts, 2-4 parts of magnesium sulfate, 6-10 parts of glucose, 0.2-0.6 part of saccharifying enzyme, 0.3-0.5 part of amylase, 0.3-0.6 part of cellulose and 3 parts of pig micro elements. The method for preparing corn straw pig feed is simple, is wide in scope of application, andprovides a new feed source for promoting development of the livestock rearing industry in China.