Method for dividing and processing earthquake data

A technology of seismic data and processing method, applied in the direction of seismic signal processing, etc., can solve the problems of unclear imaging of deep complex structures and poor consideration of different frequency components, and achieve the effect of improving imaging accuracy and imaging effect

Inactive Publication Date: 2008-11-05
PETROCHINA CO LTD
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Problems solved by technology

[0008] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention proposes a data splitting and processing method for seismic data. Using this method can solve the problems caused by

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  • Method for dividing and processing earthquake data
  • Method for dividing and processing earthquake data

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[0051] In the field, a mechanically controllable seismic source is used to artificially excite seismic waves on a shot line designed on the ground. Using conventional methods, multiple receiving points are set in the pre-exploration area, and the multiple receiving points are scattered on the ground including the shot points. At the rectangular grid points in the target area, use geophones to obtain the waveform of the explosion wave and the seismic wave, or select the seismic profile data obtained by conventional means. These seismic data or section data are split and processed.

[0052] Among them, the term "data" used below is a general term in the field, and refers to various data, messages or waveforms collected by seismic data acquisition equipment in seismic exploration. The term "shallow data" refers to the effective signal in the shallow layer of seismic data. The term "deep data" refers to the effective signals in the deep layers of seismic data. The term "observation sy...

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Abstract

A method for decomposing the data of earthquake comprises the following steps: (i) collecting the data of earthquake with an earthquake exploration device; (ii) executing an observing system defining to the original data; (iii) executing frequency analysis and frequency scanning to confirm the construction degree of each frequency band to the geological structure; (iv) decomposing the single-shot data which passes the defining of observing system to different frequency bands; (v) executing procedures of amplitude compensation to the earthquake data, deconvolution, static correction, horizontal stacking and excursion imaging to the decomposed data object sequentially; (vi) combining the decomposed data object to compose a final offset data object; and (vii) executing wave filtering and processing gain to the combined offset data object, and taking the obtained offset data object for explaining the earthquake data. The invention settles the problem that the imaging of the deep complex construction in the low signal-to-noise ratio information is unclear as the imperfect consideration of conventional processing method to different frequency component. The imaging effect of the final process earthquake data is better. The processing quality is greatly improved and the imaging of middle stratum and deep stratum are contributed greatly.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a seismic data processing method, in particular to a seismic data splitting and processing method for improving the precision of seismic exploration in oil and gas exploration and development. Background technique [0002] Reflected wave seismic data processing technology is an important technology in geophysical exploration, and occupies an important position in the field of petroleum exploration. [0003] Seismic exploration is to lay out survey lines, artificially stimulate seismic waves in areas with oil and gas prospects initially determined by geological work and other geophysical prospecting work, and record the propagation of seismic waves with field seismographs. Then, according to the propagation theory of seismic waves, use digital electronic The computer performs all kinds of processing work on the original data obtained in the field, removing the false and retaining the true, and further studies the propagation of ...

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28G01V1/36
Inventor 刘文霞张文坡郭平胡天跃
Owner PETROCHINA CO LTD
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