Small perturbance stratified substrate sludge in-situ sampler and sampling method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a small perturbance stratified substrate sludge in-situ sampler used for collecting deposits in water and a sampling method thereof. The sampler consists of a C-shaped inner tube, a C-shaped outer tube, an outer tube conical head, an inner tube handle, an outer tube handle and an inflatable plug, wherein the outer tube and the inner tube are sleeved together and are respectively formed by fixedly connecting a plurality of sections; the inner tube can be rotated by the inner tube handle at the top so as to superpose or close C-shaped openings of the inner tube and the outer tube. The inner tube is firstly rotated so as to close the C-shaped opening when substrate sludge is fetched; the inner tube is rotated so as to open the C-shaped opening after being inserted by a predetermined depth, and then the inner tube and the outer tube are rotated after being inclined by a small angle together so as to rotate the substrate sludge into the inner tube. Then the inflatable plug is put on the sludge surface and is inflated; the inner tube is rotated to close the C-shaped opening; finally, the inner tube and the outer tube are lifted from the water and laid on the ground for stratified sampling. The invention has small perturbance to the substrate sludge, does not change stratified and physical properties of the substrate sludge, has light weight, portability, convenient operation and wide generalization and application values and , is suitable for sampling work of substrate sludge of hydraulic reclamation yards of river and lake.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a layered sediment in-situ sampler and a sampling method thereof, which is suitable for in-situ sampling of rivers, lakes and ocean sediments, and belongs to the technical fields of water conservancy engineering, civil engineering, environmental engineering and marine engineering. Background technique [0002] In the process of sampling the bottom sediment of water bodies, due to the limitations of underwater operations, silt fluidity and bottom closure, it is difficult to obtain undisturbed or slightly disturbed samples. [0003] Due to the very soft nature of the silt, the mechanical drilling rig drilling sampling method is not suitable for taking sediment sediment, and most of the existing shallow water sediment samplers are manually operated. In the in-situ sampling of sediment, there are three core problems: (1) how to reduce the friction disturbance to the sediment when the sampler is inserted into the mud; (2) how to sea...

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Problems solved by technology

After patent retrieval, the existing samplers that can be used for sediment sampling have more or less problems in these three points. The Chinese patent application number is 200720095447.7, and the invention name is Portable in-situ soil for ultra-soft soil foundation Although the lower part of the sampler is a conical probe, the sampling tube is placed on the conical head with a diameter slightly larger than that of the sampling tube, which can only support the soft soil, but cannot be used for the flowing bottom mud that is flowing underwater. worked

Moreover, the connection and insertion methods of each section can only be used on the soft ground where people can stand on it for operation, and are not suitable for sampling occasions of underwater sediment.

Chinese patent application number is 200520026080, and the name of the invention is called the bottom of the mud sampler. The bottom of the mud sampler is a relatively large rolling sampling head. When sampling at the bottom of the sea, the mud is squeezed into the sampling pipe by making the rolling shaft and the longitudinal through hole of the shell overlap. After the mud is taken out of the sea surface, the plexiglass tube with holes in the lower part is used to take samples from the plexiglass tube of the sampler. There are three problems in this way. The first, the size of the rolling sampling head is too large. The stratification of the bottom mud produces a disturbance that cannot be ignored; second, when taking mud, the bottom mud is squeezed into the sampler, which will also disturb the stratification; third, after taking the mud out of the water, put it into the organic lower belt again The plexiglass tube with the hole is used to take the mud, which will cause a large disturbance to the stratification of the sediment

The Chinese patent application number is 03210082.5, and the name of the invention is a layered sample sampler for shallow water sediments. It is still a cylinder-type press-in sampler. The stratification of the bottom mud causes disturbance, and when the blade is used to push the mud into the compartment, the bottom mud is disturbed again, which affects the accuracy of the bottom mud stratification

To sum up, the existing samplers that can be used for sediment sampling all have disturbances to the stratification of the sediment when the sampler is inserted into the mud, and do not consider the erosion of the mud surface by the water discharge in the pipe when it is raised upwards.

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