47 results about "Water sediment" patented technology

The invention discloses an aquatic ecosystem exposure device for semi-volatile organic pollutants, which comprises a light control thermal insulation cabin, an aquatic ecosystem is arranged in the light control thermal insulation cabin, the aquatic ecosystem is arranged in a glass fish tank in the light control thermal insulation cabin, and the aquatic ecosystem comprises an aquatic animal exposure area and an aquatic plant exposure area. A fish manure collecting system is arranged at the bottom of the aquatic animal exposure area, a sediment collecting system is arranged at the bottom in the light-control heat-preservation cabin body, and a water sample collecting system, a target object adding and acid-base regulating device, a gas collecting and purifying device and an air exposure system are arranged outside the light-control heat-preservation cabin body in a communicating mode. The problems that in the prior art, the exposure condition of semi-volatile organic pollutants in an aquatic ecosystem cannot be effectively simulated, multiple types of samples such as gas, water, sediments, organisms and organism excrement cannot be comprehensively collected, and experiment conditions cannot be accurately controlled are solved.

The invention provides a hyperspectral inversion method for water body sediment concentration and a measuring instrument. The method comprises the following steps: S1, collecting a water body reflection spectrum, a water flow rate and sediment concentration of a test point; s2, pretreating the water body reflection spectrum, the external factors and the sediment concentration; and S3, inputting the preprocessed data into an inversion model to obtain the concentration of the suspended sediment in the water body at the test point. According to the method, spectral ratio characteristics and sediment concentration logarithmic transformation are comprehensively utilized, and weight holding of external auxiliary factors is introduced into the XGBoost gradient tree, so that interference of high-concentration interval spectral saturation and extreme values on model training is relieved, and stability and prediction performance of high-concentration suspended sediment inversion are improved.

The application discloses a numerical simulation method for nitrogen and phosphorus release of lake and reservoir sediment, and comprises the following steps: step 1, nitrogen and phosphorus migration process division; step 2, calculation of sedimentation flux; step 3, calculation of lithogenic flux; step 4, calculation of release flux; and step 5, optimization of release flux calculation. The method fully considers the dynamic resuspension process of the sediment and the response of the oxidation-reduction environment in the nitrogen and phosphorus release process of the sediment in the deep-water lake and reservoir, realizes continuous dynamic simulation of the nitrogen and phosphorus sedimentation-lithogenesis-re-release process at the water-sediment interface, more scientifically and accurately simulates the nitrogen and phosphorus endogenous release law, and effectively improves the calculation precision of the nitrogen and phosphorus release process, which plays an important role in improving the water safety guarantee of the deep-water lake and reservoir in China.

The application discloses a tidal flow artificial wetland tail water sediment secondary degradation device and a use method, and belongs to the technical field of tidal flow wetland sediment treatment. The device comprises a rigid support and a rotating motor. The top of the rigid support is supported by a rigid supporting plate, and a tail end plate is installed on the rigid supporting plate. A plurality of telescopic mechanisms are installed on the rigid supporting plate. The rotating motor is suitable for driving the plurality of telescopic mechanisms to extend and retract. The output end of the plurality of telescopic mechanisms is provided with a scraper, and the scraper moves on the rigid supporting plate. The rigid supporting plate is arranged to be inclined, and a mounting notched plate is arranged on the side away from the tail end plate. The device further comprises a stirring motor, which is installed in the mounting notched plate. The bottom of the stirring motor is provided with a slurry conveying part, which pumps the stirred slurry to the surface of the wetland soil layer. The application can ensure that the urban tail water can be fully degraded twice by stirring or depositing the mixture in the tidal water flow during the rising tide and the falling tide of the tidal flow artificial wetland, and then conveying the mixture back to the wetland.

The application provides a deep water sediment-water interface simulation experiment device, which comprises a pressure tank, a pressurized gas tank, a circulating water temperature control unit, a sampling tank, a releasing device and a planar light pole unit; the pressurized tank and the sampling tank are connected with the pressure tank, and the sampling tank is used for sampling and sampling; the water inlet and the water outlet of the circulating water temperature control unit are connected with the two sides of the pressure tank; the releasing device and the planar light pole unit are arranged in the pressure tank, the releasing device is used for releasing the sampling device, and the planar light pole unit is used for emitting a fluorescent signal. The application can simulate the hydrostatic pressure, the dissolved oxygen level, the temperature and other related physical and chemical parameters of the water bottom sediment-water interface within 90m, and can reduce the limitation and economic pressure faced by the environmental in-situ monitoring.

The invention relates to the field of separation equipment, in particular to a ship ballast water sediment receiving and treating device which comprises a receiving and separating device, a plurality of filtering mechanisms are arranged in the receiving and separating device, each filtering mechanism comprises a plurality of fixed rings and movable strips, movable columns are connected between the movable strips, and the movable columns are connected with a plug collecting rod together and penetrate through a top cover. The filter mechanism comprises a top spring abutting against the plug collecting rod, a back-flushing mechanism is installed in the tank body structure, and a top vibration mechanism is installed on the back-flushing mechanism and matched with the plug collecting rod. On the basis that the top spring, the fixed movable strip and the fixed ring form a filter grid structure, the top vibration mechanism drives the plug collecting rod connected with the movable strip to move upwards, and the plug collecting rod is driven to move upwards; the filter mechanism has the advantages that small vibration is generated, the flow speed of local gaps is increased, the movable column impacts the base to a certain extent during falling, large vibration is generated on the whole filter mechanism, a better vibration shaking-off effect is achieved, and some adsorptive organisms can be conveniently cleaned.

The invention relates to a simulation system for accurately controlling the synchronous collection and culture process of sediment-water-gas samples, in particular to a device for indoor culture and sample collection of sediment, which mainly comprises a culture module, a sampling module and a control module. The defect that sediments, water bodies and gas samples in the sediment culture process are difficult to synchronously collect for a long time in the prior art is overcome, the consistency and the stability of the water-sediment proportion in a culture system can be ensured, and errors caused by experiments are reduced. The method is of great significance in improving the experiment efficiency and reducing experiment errors and the workload of experimenters.

This invention discloses a device and method for controlling the release of endogenous phosphorus in water based on electron transfer. The device includes: a carbon-based electronic conductor, a current collector, a support frame, and a cover plate; the support frame is a hollow structure with openings at both ends; the cover plate is fixed to one end of the support frame, and the other end of the support frame is used to insert into water sediment for fixation; the cover plate has a central hole, one end of the carbon-based electronic conductor is fixed to the cover plate, and the other end passes through the central hole and is suspended inside the hollow structure; the current collector is disposed inside the hollow structure of the support frame and surrounds the carbon-based electronic conductor. This invention utilizes conductive materials as a medium, which can shorten the electron transfer distance, reduce electrode costs, and efficiently control endogenous phosphorus in water; it has the characteristics of simple operation, low investment cost, and high efficiency, and can also simultaneously achieve organic pollution removal and endogenous phosphorus fixation, and the organic pollution removal process can be monitored.

The invention discloses a nitrogen migration and transformation simulation and data analysis device and method, and relates to the technical field of ecological environment simulation. An isotope storage labeling module in the device is used for adding an isotope labeling substance to an environment simulator and recording basic information of the isotope labeling substance; the environment simulator is used for containing a sample substance, adding a water sample and an isotope labeling substance, and simulating the hydrological environment of the sample substance by controlling the flow of the added water sample; the liquid substance monitoring module is used for acquiring concentration profiles of dissolved substances at the overlying water-gas interface and the overlying water-sediment interface; the gas flux monitoring module is used for measuring the concentration of the gas at the overlying water-gas interface and measuring a mass-to-charge ratio signal of the gas above the overlying water-gas interface; the processing unit is used for calculating the nitrogen migration and transformation information, the nitrogen generation rate and the nitrogen removal efficiency, and the accuracy of the quantitative analysis result of the nitrogen migration and transformation behavior can be improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of environmental treatment, in particular to an inland water sediment treatment system and method. The system comprises a suction unit, a temporary storage unit, a mixing unit, a curing and adding unit and a dehydration storage yard, wherein the suction unit is used for extracting bottom mud of a water body and conveying the bottom mud to the temporary storage unit, the curing and adding unit is used for injecting a stabilizer into the mixing unit, and the mixing unit enables the bottom mud, airflow and the stabilizer to form a uniform gas-liquid-solid three-phase system; high-risk exchangeable heavy metal, high-risk carbonate combined heavy metal and high-risk iron and manganese oxide combined heavy metal are directionally converted into stable mineral phases, dewatering and pennisetum hydridum planting are matched, residual heavy metal is adsorbed for a long time by means of the hyperaccumulation characteristic of pennisetum hydridum, and end ecological management and control are achieved. According to the scheme provided by the invention, the links of desilting, heavy metal curing, dewatering and repairing are integrated, so that the equipment redundancy can be effectively reduced, meanwhile, the requirement of large-scale bottom mud outward transportation and disposal can be omitted, and the transportation and landfill cost is greatly reduced.

The invention relates to the technical field of size grading equipment, in particular to size grading equipment for soil and water-based sediments. During specific use, an operator puts dried soil or water-based sediments into the uppermost screening barrel, then the vibration assembly is started, and the first driving component drives the impact rod to vertically move in a reciprocating mode to impact the bottom of the supporting barrel in a reciprocating mode so as to drive the supporting barrel and the screening barrel to synchronously and vertically vibrate; therefore, size grading is carried out on the sediments in the screening cylinder; when the screen holes of the screen in the screening barrel are blocked with the sediments, the vibration assembly is stopped, and the sediments in the screening barrel and the supporting barrel are transferred away; then the dredging assembly is started, and the connecting disc is moved to extend into the screening barrel and is close to a screen of the screening barrel; and then a second driving part is started, the second driving part drives a first lifting rod to vertically ascend and descend in a reciprocating mode so as to drive cleaning bristles to impact screen holes of a screen at the bottom of the screening barrel, and the screen holes are dredged.

The invention belongs to the technical field of water environment treatment and ecological restoration, and particularly discloses a BN model-based ecological restoration method for heavy metal pollution in river and lake water sediments. According to the method, the synergistic effects of key environmental factors such as CEC, OM, SFL, DO, TN and TP are creatively integrated, a BN model capable of accurately simulating the adsorption-desorption process of heavy metal on the water-sediment interface is constructed, the model is used for reasoning and analyzing the heavy metal migration and transformation rule, the repair strategy is optimized, and the effect is verified. According to the method, the remediation efficiency is remarkably improved, the risk of secondary pollution is reduced, and scientific and technical support is provided for heavy metal treatment in complex river and lake environments.

The invention relates to the technical field of water environment treatment and ecological restoration, in particular to a water body sediment carbon and nitrogen reduction method based on an iron-based material. According to the specific technical scheme, the water body sediment carbon and nitrogen reduction method based on the iron-based material is characterized in that the iron-based material is laid on the surface layer and the middle layer of sediment or evenly mixed with the sediment, and therefore carbon and nitrogen in the sediment are reduced; the adding mass of the iron-based material is 1.5-2.5% of that of the sediment. Through the coupling effect of the iron-based material and the sediment-water interface, denitrification, anaerobic ammonia oxidation and organic matter degradation are synergistically promoted, so that efficient reduction of carbon and nitrogen in the sediment is realized, and the water quality of urban water is improved. The method has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, environmental friendliness and simplicity and convenience in operation.

The utility model discloses a sampling device suitable for shallow water sediment collection, and relates to the technical field of environmental monitoring and geological exploration, the sampling device comprises a sampling pipe, a handpiece, a sensor assembly and a display assembly, the sampling pipe is provided with a one-way valve; a sampling port is formed in the bottom of the sampling pipe, a sampling cavity is formed in the sampling pipe, and the sampling port is communicated with the sampling cavity; the one-way valve is arranged at the sampling port, and the one-way valve is conducted from the sampling port to the sampling cavity. When the sampling device is used, the holding piece is held by a hand, the sampling pipe goes deep into a water body, underwater sediments enter the sampling cavity through the sampling port, and the sampling pipe is taken out, so that the sediments can be collected; the one-way valve enables sediments to enter the sampling cavity from the sampling port and limits the sediments in the sampling cavity to flow out from the sampling port; through the sensor assembly and the display assembly, a user can monitor the underwater environment in real time.

The invention relates to the technical field of ballast water treatment, in particular to an automatic ship ballast water sediment collection and separation treatment device which comprises a cleaning vehicle, a separation device, a centrifugation device and a sterilization device. Each manipulator is provided with a first pipeline and a second pipeline. The cleaning vehicle is placed in the ballast tank, sediments in the ballast tank are cleaned, a water pipe is connected to a corresponding pump, the inside of the ballast tank is swept through a pipeline on a manipulator, a high-pressure water gun is aligned with the bulkhead needing to be cleaned for cleaning, and then the manipulator is used for spraying water to all places for cleaning. The overhigh-pressure directional water flow scours the deposition solid layer at the cabin bottom, so that hardened or tightly attached sediments are changed into a fluidized state again, automatic stripping of the sediments is achieved, manual shoveling is not needed, and the loosening efficiency of the sediments at the cabin bottom is improved.

The invention discloses a lake and reservoir sediment nitrogen and phosphorus release numerical simulation method. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, dividing a nitrogen and phosphorus migration process; step 2, sedimentation flux calculation; step 3, diagenesis flux calculation; step 4, calculating release flux; and 5, calculating and optimizing the release flux. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the dynamic resuspension process of the sediment and the response of an oxidation-reduction environment in the nitrogen and phosphorus release process of the sediment in the deep water lake and reservoir are fully considered, and the continuous dynamic simulation of the nitrogen and phosphorus sedimentation-diagenesis-re-release process of the overlying water-sediment interface is realized, so that a nitrogen and phosphorus endogenous release rule is more scientifically and accurately simulated; the method effectively improves the calculation precision of the nitrogen and phosphorus release process, and plays an important role in improving the water safety guarantee of deep water lakes and reservoirs in China.

The invention discloses a metabolism experiment device for a chemical pesticide water-sediment system. The metabolism experiment device comprises a box body, a culture assembly arranged in the box body, a reaction assembly arranged on the culture assembly, an adjusting assembly arranged in the box body and connected with the reaction assembly, and a gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer arranged at the top end of the box body, the device is reasonable in structural design, can accurately control key environmental parameters such as temperature, dissolved oxygen and pH value, simulates various natural environments such as aerobic environment and anaerobic environment, provides reliable environmental conditions for the research of the metabolic process of chemical pesticides, can be suitable for the metabolic research of different types of chemical pesticides in different water-sediment systems, and has wide application prospects. And reliable data support is provided for environmental risk assessment of pesticides.

The present application relates to the field of separation equipment, specifically a ship ballast water sediment receiving and disposing device, comprising a receiving and separating device, the receiving and separating device has a plurality of filtering mechanisms, the filtering mechanism comprises a plurality of fixed rings and movable strips, the movable strips are connected with movable columns, the movable columns are connected with a plug rod together and pass through a top cover, the filtering mechanism comprises a top spring abutting against the plug rod, a backflushing mechanism is installed in a tank structure and a top vibrating mechanism is installed on the backflushing mechanism and cooperates with the plug rod, the present application forms the basis of the filtering grid structure through the top spring, the fixed movable strips and the fixed rings, drives the plug rod connected with the movable strips to move upward through the top vibrating mechanism, thus generates small vibration and increases the flow rate of the local gap, and allows the movable columns to produce a certain impact on the base when falling, thus generates a large vibration on the filtering mechanism as a whole, obtains better vibration shaking effect, and facilitates cleaning of some adsorptive organisms.

A system (100) for extracting microplastics from water, sediment and tissue samples, comprising: a sample collection unit (102) having means for collecting water, sediment and tissue samples from the collection point; a water sample processing unit (104) configured to extract microplastics from water samples; a sediment processing unit (106) configured to extract microplastics from sediment samples; and a biological sample processing unit (108) configured to extract microplastics from tissue samples.

The invention discloses a method and a system for determining heavy metal pollution characteristics of water sediment, and relates to the technical field of environment monitoring and water environment governance, the system is characterized in that surface sediment samples are regularly collected at different positions of water in a mine area and an industrial gathering area, and a metal element data set and a reference data set are established; calculating a single-factor pollution index, and judging whether single metal exceeds the standard or not; integrating the single-factor pollution indexes to obtain a comprehensive pollution index, and determining the overall pollution level; whether manual input pollution exists or not is judged by calculating the geocumulative index; according to the method, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, factor analysis and GIS space statistics are combined, multi-dimensional indexes are extracted, pollution source analysis coefficients are calculated, agricultural non-point source or industrial emission dominant pollution types are determined, and corresponding prevention and control strategies are generated. According to the method, multilevel feature recognition and source analysis of sediment heavy metal pollution can be realized, and a scientific basis is provided for water area pollution treatment and risk management and control.

The invention provides a phytoplankton in-situ culture device and a culture method, the phytoplankton in-situ culture device comprises: a culture cabin, the culture cabin is a cylinder structure with the top and the bottom open, the side wall of the cylinder is provided with a plurality of holes, each hole is covered with a screen, and an inner culture cabin can be arranged in the cylinder to form a double-layer culture cabin structure; the buoyancy platform comprises at least one floating body connected with an upper hook and is used for being connected with the top of the culture cabin through the upper hook and enabling the whole culture device to float at a specific position in the water body; and the gravity system comprises a weight connected with the bottom of the culture cabin and is used for keeping the culture device stable and enabling the culture cabin to be located at a preset water depth. The problems that in-situ culture of phytoplankton in the prior art, environment simulation is incomplete, water-sediment interface matter exchange is difficult, sampling is inconvenient, and experimental conditions are unstable can be effectively solved.

The utility model discloses a device for a pesticide indoor water sediment experiment, which comprises a gas detection assembly, the gas detection assembly is used for detecting the flow of passing gas, the gas detection assembly comprises a first gas flow meter and a flow regulating valve, the flow regulating valve is arranged on one side of the first gas flow meter, and the first gas flow meter is connected with the first gas flow meter. A gas inlet end is mounted on one side of the bottom of the first gas flow meter, a discharge end is mounted on one side of the top of the first gas flow meter, one end of the discharge end is connected with a second rubber hose, one end of the second rubber hose is connected with a storage assembly, and the storage assembly is used for storing water sediments. The second gas flow meter and the first gas flow meter have the same structural effect and are also used for detecting and controlling the gas flow, and under the action of the first gas flow meter and the second gas flow meter, the gas flow speed of the gas inlet and the gas flow speed of the gas outlet are ensured to be consistent, so that the consistency of each bottle of inflated gas in the device is determined.

The utility model discloses a kind of mortar water sediment recovery devices, it is related to technical field of recovery device.Drug injection forms significant concentration gradient in device interior, so that the concentration of drug in different positions in device interior is different, thereby affecting the processing speed of device to mortar water.The utility model includes device main body and feeding mechanism.The utility model is provided with feeding mechanism, first stirring rod, driving motor and device main body, using the work of driving motor, first stirring rod can be driven to rotate, and mortar water in the interior of device main body can be driven to mix, while first stirring rod rotates, driving bevel gear can be driven to rotate, then by the transmission of driven bevel gear, first bevel gear and second bevel gear, second stirring rod can be driven to rotate, the drug discharged at medicine disc is mixed with mortar water, thereby improve the mixing speed of drug and mortar water, accelerate the working efficiency of device.

The invention discloses a method for evaluating radioactive contamination of a decommissioned uranium mine area based on multi-source data fusion, and relates to the field of uranium mine area governance, and the method comprises the steps: detecting the radon exhalation rate, the radon concentration, the gamma air absorbed dose rate and the radionuclide content in soil of a to-be-evaluated decommissioned uranium mine area; calculating the public radiation dose according to the radon concentration and the gamma air absorption dose rate of the decommissioned uranium mine area; detecting the radioactive element concentration in the surface water of the decommissioned uranium mine area and the radioactive element content in the water sediment; calculating a Nemerow index as a comprehensive pollution index of the surface water based on the concentration of radioactive elements in the surface water; calculating a geocumulative index based on the content of radioactive elements in the water-based sediment as a comprehensive pollution index of the water-based sediment; and performing radioactive pollution assessment on the decommissioned uranium mine area according to the radon exhalation rate of the decommissioned uranium mine area, the public radiation dose, the radionuclide content in the soil and the comprehensive pollution index of the surface water and the water sediment.

The utility model belongs to the technical field of environment monitoring, and particularly discloses a key environment index continuous monitoring device which comprises an upper computer control unit, an underwater auxiliary unit and an acquisition unit. The underwater auxiliary unit and the acquisition unit are arranged underwater, the underwater auxiliary unit is in signal connection with the upper computer control unit so as to receive a control instruction sent by the upper computer control unit, and the underwater auxiliary unit is in signal connection with the acquisition unit so as to control the acquisition unit to work according to the control instruction and receive data transmitted by the acquisition unit. The acquisition unit comprises a voltage detection element, a current detection element, a water leakage detection element, a pan-tilt camera, an underwater lamp, a temperature sensing element, a conductivity sensing element, a dissolved oxygen sensing element, a mud level meter and an interstitial water sampler; and the upper computer control unit is used for receiving and displaying the data transmitted by the acquisition unit. According to the utility model, high-precision and high-frequency monitoring and batch data acquisition of deepwater sediment key environment indexes and interstitial water can be realized.

The invention discloses a soil and water-system sediment environment monitoring system and method, and belongs to the field of environment monitoring. Composite pore unit samples in a near-surface transition layer are collected, and a particle interface energy-deformation curve model is constructed; disturbance is applied under the in-situ condition, pollutant delayed release parameters are obtained, and a pollution migration potential factor set is formed; constructing a joint migration mapping model of the two-dimensional profile based on the parameters; in combination with regional water potential disturbance data, generating a disturbance frequency response matrix and coupling the disturbance frequency response matrix with the model to obtain a ternary correlation body model; a key migration trigger point is further identified, a microorganism-disturbance cooperative release index is constructed, a transboundary interface mutation coefficient is calculated, a pollution jump path is predicted, and a pollution priority response area layer is formed; if the overlapping rate of the layer and the ecological barrier structure exceeds a threshold value, automatically adjusting the monitoring frequency and updating path prediction; the method has the advantages of being high in cross-scale modeling precision, high in dynamic response capability, capable of achieving ecological protection collaborative early warning and the like.

The application relates to the technical field of variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply, in particular to an intelligent variable-frequency constant-pressure water supply equipment, which comprises a tank body provided with an air storage chamber and a water storage chamber, the air storage chamber and the water storage chamber are separated through a diaphragm, an isolation device provided with a blocking plate is arranged in the water storage chamber, the isolation device pushes the blocking plate to be attached to the tank body according to the internal pressure of the air storage chamber, so that the water storage chamber is divided into an isolation chamber and a constant-pressure chamber, the isolation chamber can be used for collecting and storing water sediments, a blowdown pipe is connected to the isolation chamber, and a protection assembly is arranged on the blocking plate and the tank body. The application can automatically collect and isolate the suspended matters in water, so that the equipment can automatically blow down during the operation process, thereby avoiding the problems that the water supply equipment is damaged or harmful substances affect people's health due to the low frequency of artificial maintenance and the deposition of water scale.

This utility model discloses an anti-interference deep-water sediment sampler, relating to the technical field of water conservancy engineering. It includes two sliding sleeves, respectively disposed at both ends of a handle; a U-shaped positioning plate; a clamping plate movably disposed within one side wall of the positioning plate; a support plate, one end rotatably disposed on the middle plate of the positioning plate, and the other end having a positioning hole penetrating the support plate, through which the sampling tube slides; a telescopic rod, one end rotatably disposed on the outer wall of the positioning plate, and the other end rotatably disposed on the support plate, the telescopic rod having a locking bolt; and two positioning rods, respectively perpendicularly disposed on the support plate and parallel to each other, with the two sliding sleeves slidably fitted onto the two positioning rods. This utility model has advantages such as ease of use and preventing the sampling tube from being interfered with by water flow.

The invention provides a flood inundation area extraction method based on double-time-phase remote sensing images. The flood inundation area extraction method comprises the following steps: acquiring a front-time-phase remote sensing image and a rear-time-phase remote sensing image of a known flood inundation area to construct a model training data set; constructing an extraction model comprising a feature alignment model and a submerged area extraction model, and training the extraction model by using the training set; and performing flood inundation area extraction on the target area by using the trained extraction model. In order to solve the problem that a traditional flood inundation area extraction mode is easily interfered by sensors, illumination and water sediment, so that the extraction precision is poor, a generative adversarial network is utilized to reduce image features influenced by the sensors and the illumination, and a gating feature fusion module GCFM is added at a flood decoding end to adaptively recognize complex water features, so that the extraction accuracy is improved. The problem of leak detection caused by water sediment is eliminated, and the automation level of extraction of the flood inundation area is remarkably improved while the extraction precision and reliability of the flood inundation area are guaranteed.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and discloses an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating nitrogen and phosphorus release of water body sediments. The device comprises an experiment main body unit, an environment simulation unit, a water quality regulation and control unit, a mobile monitoring unit, an automatic sampling module and an intelligent regulation and control module. Wherein the experiment main body unit is provided with a water tank for accommodating sediments and a water body; the environment simulation unit is integrated with a water flow disturbance assembly, an aeration assembly, an illumination assembly and a heating assembly; the water quality regulation and control unit regulates water chemical parameters; the mobile monitoring unit performs spatial dynamic detection on the water body; the automatic sampling module automatically collects overlying water and interstitial water of the sediment according to a specified time interval; the intelligent regulation and control module coordinates operation of all the units, and multi-scene simulation and closed-loop regulation and control are achieved. Accurate simulation, real-time monitoring and intelligent regulation and control of the migration and release process of the sediment-water interface substance under different environmental conditions can be achieved, and the accuracy and comprehensiveness of experimental data are remarkably improved.