[0041] In order to be able to understand the technical content of the present invention more clearly, the following embodiments are specifically described in detail.
[0042] See Figure 1 ~ Figure 7 As shown, the P-speed actuator and control system of the electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission for electric vehicles of the present invention include a shift lever P-speed position detection device 1, a P-speed electronic control device 2, a driving device 3, a driving device position detection device 4, The pawl 5 and the ratchet wheel 6, the P-speed electronic control device 2 is respectively electrically connected to the shifting handle P-speed position detection device 1, the driving device 3, and the driving device position detection device 4. The driving device The position detecting device 4 and the driving device 3 are arranged in cooperation to detect the rotational position of the driving shaft of the driving device 3. The driving device 3, the pawl 5 and the ratchet 6 are arranged in cooperation so that the driving device 3 can drive the pawl 5 to lock the ratchet wheel 6, and the pawl 5 to unlock the ratchet wheel 6 is driven by the driving device 3 or an elastic member 7.
[0043] Preferably, the driving device position detecting device 4 includes an unlocking position sensor 41, a locking position sensor 42, and a position detecting swing rod 43. The position detecting swing rod 43 is mounted on the drive shaft, and the unlocking position The sensor 41, the lock position sensor 42 and the position detection swing lever 43 are arranged in cooperation so that the unlock position sensor 41 and the lock position sensor 42 respectively detect the unlock position and the position detection swing lever 43 at In the locked position, when the position detecting swing lever 43 is in the locked position, the driving device 3 drives the pawl 5 to lock the ratchet wheel 6, and the position detecting swing lever 43 is in the unlocked position At this time, the driving device 3 drives the pawl 5 to unlock the ratchet wheel 6.
[0044] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the position detection swing rod 43 is sleeved on the drive shaft and connected with the drive shaft through a spline. Therefore, when the drive shaft rotates, the position detection swing lever 43 is driven to rotate.
[0045] In the specific embodiment of the present invention, the unlock position sensor 41 and the lock position sensor 42 are both Hall-type position sensors.
[0046] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the driving device position detecting device 4 further includes a driving device connecting plate 44, and the driving device 3, the unlocking position sensor 41 and the locking position sensor 42 are all installed in the On the driving device connecting disk 44, the driving shaft passes through the driving device connecting disk 44.
[0047] Preferably, the P-speed actuator and control system of the electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission for electric vehicles further include a transmission mechanism 8, and the drive shaft drives the pawl 5 through the transmission mechanism 8.
[0048] More preferably, the transmission mechanism 8 includes a connecting rod 81, a first elastic member 82, a rotating disk 83, and a transmission shaft 84. The transmission shaft 84 is coaxially arranged on the driving shaft, and the rotating disk 83 is vertical. Is mounted on the transmission shaft 84, one end of the connecting rod 81 is rotatably hooked in the rotating disk 83, and the other end is slidably inserted in the pawl 5, and the connecting rod 81 has a protrusion The two ends of the first elastic member 82 abut against the protrusion 85 and the pawl 5 respectively.
[0049] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the transmission shaft 84 is inserted into the drive shaft and is connected with the drive shaft through a spline. Therefore, when the drive shaft rotates, the transmission shaft 84 is driven to rotate.
[0050] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rotating disk 83 is sleeved and mounted on the transmission shaft 84 and connected with the transmission shaft 84 through a spline. Therefore, when the transmission shaft 84 rotates, the rotating disk 83 is driven to rotate.
[0051] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first elastic member 82 is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on the connecting rod 81.
[0052] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the transmission mechanism 8 further includes a baffle 86, which is sleeved on the connecting rod 81 and is located between the first elastic member 82 and the pawl 5. . Therefore, the first elastic member 82 indirectly abuts against the pawl 5 through the baffle 86. Preferably, the baffle 86 may have a boss, the connecting rod 81 is inserted in the boss, and the spring is sleeved outside the boss.
[0053] Preferably, the middle part of the pawl 5 is provided with a ratchet tooth 51, the outer circumference of the ratchet wheel 6 is provided with a tooth groove 61, the pawl 5 includes a first end 52 and a second end 53, so The driving device 3 drives the ratchet tooth 51 into the tooth groove 61 by acting on the second end portion 53, and the elastic member 7 abuts against the first end portion 52 for driving the ratchet tooth 51 Disengage from the tooth groove 61.
[0054] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the elastic member 7 is a torsion spring, the first end 51 is provided with a through hole 54 in which a pin 55 is inserted, and the torsion spring is sleeved The pin 55 is located in the through hole 54 and one end abuts the first end 51. Preferably, the pin 55 is a cylindrical pin.
[0055] Preferably, the driving device 3 is a motor, and the driving shaft is the output shaft of the motor.
[0056] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the P-speed electronic control device 2 has an H-bridge drive module, and the H-bridge drive module is electrically connected to the motor for realizing clockwise rotation and counterclockwise rotation of the motor.
[0057] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the motor is a permanent magnet DC motor, and the permanent magnet DC motor is equipped with a worm gear reduction mechanism.
[0058] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the shift lever P position detection device 1 is a Hall type position sensor.
[0059] Preferably, the P-speed actuator and control system of the electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission for electric vehicles further include a vehicle speed detection device 9 which is electrically connected to the P-speed electronic control device 2.
[0060] In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the vehicle speed detection device 9 is a speed detection sensor.
[0061] When the present invention is installed on an electric vehicle, the shift handle P position detection device 1 is installed in a suitable position of the electric vehicle (for example, a vehicle shift handle) to detect whether the shift handle enters the P position, and the gear position signal can be The vehicle controller transmits to the P gear electronic control device 2 through the CAN bus; the vehicle speed detection device 9 is installed in a suitable position of the electric vehicle (such as a transmission) to detect the vehicle speed. The vehicle speed signal can be transmitted to the P by the vehicle controller through the CAN bus. Gear electronic control device 2; P-speed electronic control device 2 is installed on the electric vehicle, and the drive device connecting plate 44 is mounted to the transmission housing, for example by screw connection; the free end of the transmission shaft 84 is inserted into the circular hole opened on the transmission housing; The pin 55 is connected to the transmission housing, the pawl 5 can rotate around the pin 55; the other end of the torsion spring is connected to the transmission housing; the ratchet wheel 6 is sleeved and installed on the output shaft of the transmission.
[0062] When the vehicle is stationary, the driver engages the P gear, the gear shift handle P position detection device detects that the shift handle is in the P gear, and the vehicle speed detector 9 detects the vehicle speed, and respectively transmits the detected gear position signal and vehicle speed signal to The P-speed electronic control device 2, the P-speed electronic control device 2 judges that the P gear can be engaged according to the collected gear signal and vehicle speed signal, and then sends a control command to start the motor to rotate, driving the position detection swing rod 43 and the drive shaft 84 to rotate , The rotating disk 83 also rotates with the transmission shaft 84, and the connecting rod 81 through which the rotating disk 83 passes moves vertically downwards. The connecting rod 81 starts to compress the spring to move it downward, so that the pressure on the spring is continuously increased. When the position detection swing rod 43 rotates to the locked position, it is detected by the locked position sensor 42, and the information is sent to the P-speed electronic control device 2. The P-speed electronic control device 2 sends a command to stop the motor, and the worm gear is automatically rotated. Under the action of the lock, the motor stops at the final rotation position, so that the spring retains a part of the preload. Compressed by the spring, the baffle 86 overcomes the resistance of the torsion spring and acts on the second end 53 of the pawl 5 to press the pawl 5 downward, so that the ratchet tooth 51 of the pawl 5 meshes with the tooth groove 61 of the ratchet wheel 6, thereby locking Stop the transmission output shaft. If the ratchet tooth 51 of the pawl 5 is not aligned with the tooth groove 61 of the ratchet wheel 6, due to the presence of the spring preload, if the ratchet wheel 6 rotates, the ratchet tooth 51 of the pawl 5 will slide into the tooth groove of the ratchet wheel 6 In 61, the ratchet 6 is stuck to realize the locking function.
[0063] When the driver takes off the P gear, the P gear position detection device 1 detects that the gear shift handle has left the P gear and transmits the information to the P gear electronic control device 2. The P gear electronic control device 2 sends a command to reverse the motor The direction of rotation drives the transmission shaft 84, the rotating disk 83 and the position detection pendulum 43 to rotate in the opposite direction. The connecting rod 81 moves upward, the spring continues to extend, and the elastic force continues to decrease. The pressure on the pawl 5 gradually decreases. Under the action of, the second end 53 of the pawl 5 moves upward to drive the ratchet tooth 51 to escape from the tooth groove 61 of the ratchet wheel 6. When the position detection pendulum 43 is in the unlocked position, it is detected by the unlocked position sensor 41, and the information is sent to the P-speed electronic control device 2. The P-speed electronic control device 2 issues a command to stop the motor and uses the self-locking of the worm gear Function, stay in this position, at this time the ratchet tooth 51 is completely separated from the tooth groove 61, so the lock on the transmission output shaft is released.
[0064] Through the above process description, the present invention can make the ratchet 6 in a locked state when the shift handle is engaged in the P gear, so that the wheels are locked; when the P gear is removed, the ratchet 6 is released, and the wheels can rotate freely.
[0065] In summary, the P-speed actuator and control system of the electronically controlled mechanical automatic transmission for electric vehicles of the present invention are ingeniously designed, easy to use, have very good braking effects on electric vehicles, and greatly increase the reliability of electric vehicle parking. For large-scale promotion and application.
[0066] In this specification, the present invention has been described with reference to its specific embodiments. However, it is obvious that various modifications and changes can still be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the description and drawings should be regarded as illustrative rather than restrictive.
