Controlled electric field effect charge-discharge sodium ion battery and rapid charge-discharge method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a controlled electric field effect charge-discharge sodium ion battery and a rapid charge-discharge method of the controlled electric field effect charge-discharge sodium ion battery. The controlled electric field effect charge-discharge sodium-ion battery comprises a positive pole collector plate, positive pole material, a negative pole collector plate, negative pole material, a micropore diaphragm and an electrolyte. The positive pole material and the negative pole material are arranged on the two sides of the micropore diaphragm respectively, the positive pole material and the negative pole material are arranged in the electrolyte, and the positive pole material and the negative pole material are connected with a positive pole and a negative pole of the battery through the positive pole collector plate and the negative pole collector plate respectively. The controlled electric field effect charge-discharge sodium-ion battery is characterized in that an electric field pole plate is arranged on the outer side of at least one of the positive pole collector plate and the negative pole collector plate, and the electric field pole plate is an electric field electrode plate film wrapped by an insulation film. The difficult problems in sodium ion research are solved, therefore, the diffusion rate of sodium ions and coulombic efficiency of the battery are improved obviously, and meanwhile the phenomenon of sodium dendritic growth is eliminated. Electrical conductivity and low-temperature characteristics inside the battery are further effectively improved, so that discharge is maintained at a high electric potential level for a long time.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a sodium ion battery with a built-in electric field structure, and forms a controllable electric field effect charging and discharging sodium ion battery. Especially the controllable electric field effect charging and discharging sodium ion battery, it is provided with battery positive terminal, battery negative terminal, electric field electrode A terminal, electric field electrode B terminal, totally four external terminal electrodes, or battery positive terminal, battery negative terminal, electric field Electrode terminal, a total of three external terminal electrodes. The controllable electric field effect charging and discharging sodium-ion battery is connected to the electric field electrode of the sodium-ion battery through an external circuit, and controls the electric field strength and direction of the electric field inside the sodium-ion battery to form a fast-charging and discharging sodium-ion battery. Background ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, so far, sodium-ion batteries have not been able to be used on a large scale. The reasons are: sodium-ion batteries have insurmountable shortcomings: first, the conductivity of the positive and negative electrode materials inside the battery is poor, the diffusion speed of sodium ions is slow, and the high-rate charge and discharge , the actual specific capacity is lower

[0008] For example: the positive electrode material uses NaFeO 2 , NaCrO 2 、Na 2 MnO 3 , NaFe 1 / 2 Ni 1 / 2 o 2 、NaNi 1 / 2 mn 1 / 2 o 2 Oxide materials, and composite oxide materials Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 / C and transition metal fluorophosphate sodium salt (such as NaV(PO 4 )F, Na 2 Fe(PO 4 )F), etc.; anode materials using hard carbon, Sn, Pb, TiO 2 , ethylene glycol terephthalate, disodium terephthalate, etc.; all of which will cause difficulties in the diffusion of sodium ions at the negative electrode

[0009] The above-mentioned sodium ion batteries have all made great efforts to improve the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material. Although they have achieved certain results, there are three main deficiencies in the existing sodium ion batteries: slow diffusion of sodium ions, low coulombic efficiency of the battery, and The growth of sodium dendrites appears, and the existing technology has not yet found an ideal technical solution to overcome the above shortcomings, so that the current international sodium-ion batteries at room temperature have not yet reached the level of practical use.

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