Automatic irrigation control method and control system based on crop water requirement measurement

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic irrigation control method based on crop water requirement measurement. The automatic irrigation control method includes the following steps that an irrigation unit in an area to be irrigated is selected, and crops in the irrigation unit are separated from peripheral crops through installation of a water requirement measurement device; a main water supply device and an automatic irritation device are respectively connected with the water requirement measurement device; water is injected into the water requirement measurement device; water requirement measurement is performed on the crops per unit area, measurement data are recorded, and the water requirement per unit area is calculated; according to a calculation result and the total area of the area to be irrigated, the total water requirement of the area to be irrigated is calculated. In addition, the invention further discloses a control system achieving the automatic irrigation control method. Due to the fact that the actual water requirement of different crops which grow on different soil properties at different growth periods and keep a certain field capacity is measured, an irrigation valve is controlled to automatically open and close after an intelligent decision is made, so that the high utilization rate of field irrigation water is obtained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of crop irrigation, in particular to an automatic irrigation control method and control system based on crop water demand measurement. Background technique [0002] At present, crop irrigation in actual production mainly adopts three methods to achieve automatic control: one method is to perform automatic irrigation according to time intervals, that is, to set the time and duration of irrigation every day, and the control system realizes the automatic control of irrigation valves according to the built-in clock. Automatically turn on and off; Another method is to realize automatic irrigation according to the soil moisture content, that is, to use the soil moisture content sensor to monitor the soil moisture content at a certain point in the irrigated area in real time, and set the maximum and minimum thresholds of the soil moisture content. When the soil moisture content is lower than Wh...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The above three automatic irrigation methods all have their own defects

The first method realizes the control of automatic irrigation according to the time interval. It cannot irrigate according to the actual needs of the crops, but can only realize irrigation according to human experience, which is often over-irrigated, and the water utilization rate is the lowest; the second method, based on The soil water content realizes the control of automatic irrigation. Because the soil water content sensor lacks a reasonable and effective calibration method, the measured value is often quite different from the actual situation; the third method is to calculate the actual water demand according to the formula. Crop water demand, reference crop water demand refers to the evapotranspiration of green grassland (8-15cm high) with uniform height, vigorous growth, complete ground coverage, and sufficient soil moisture, generally refers to the demand of alfalfa grass under this condition Water, because the reference crop water demand is mainly affected by meteorological conditions, and the meteorological information is subject to the accuracy of the sensor, and this method does not consider the impact of soil quality on crop water demand, and the calculated crop water demand is also different from the actual situation. deviation

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