The present invention relates to a device and method for recording and storing speech talk on the mobile phone, the device comprises a speech talk module, a central processing module, a storing module, a speech identifying module and a record storing functional module, the central processing module connecting with the speech talk module, the storing module, the speech identifying module and the record storing functional module, the speech identifying module connecting with the speech talk module. The method comprises a system judgment, if it need record then judging whether need directly identifying speech talk content, to process realtime speech talk identifying record processing operation according to judgment result or the system processing to tape record to the speech talk information and after the speech talk ending to playback the speech talk identifying record processing operation. Adopting the device and method for recording and storing speech talk on the mobile phone, it promotes the storing volume obviously, and has key words searching function, extends various functional module effectively, use simple conveniently, performance is stable and credible, adaptive range is more abroad.