Rotary Steerable Drilling Tools

Abstract

The invention relates to a downhole steering drilling tool, which belongs to the technical field of downhole tools for stratum drilling in petroleum engineering. The invention consists of a non-rotating jacket, a rotating mandrel and an orientation control mechanism. The outer surface of the non-rotating jacket is equipped with fixed centralizers and guide rollers, and the inner cavity is equipped with a directional control mechanism, which can control the extension and contraction of the guide rollers through the rotation and up and down movement of the drilling tool. When the guide roller is stretched out, a lateral thrust is applied to the drill bit, so that the wellbore trajectory advances in a certain direction. When the roller is extended, it is supported on the well wall to prevent the non-rotating casing from rotating, but it can move downward when feeding the drill, so as to realize the purpose of directional drilling under the rotating state of the drilling tool. When the guide roller shrinks, it has no guiding function, and drills according to the characteristics of conventional drilling tools.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a downhole directional drilling tool, which belongs to the technical field of downhole tools for formation drilling in petroleum engineering. Background technique [0002] In the drilling of oil and gas wells, due to the limitation of the objective conditions on the ground or the influence of many factors such as the distribution of oil layers, it is necessary to control the trajectory of the drilling wellbore so that it can advance in a certain direction, successfully drill into the oil and gas layers, and achieve the purpose of oil and gas production , Such as conventional directional wells, horizontal wells, lateral wells, multi-bottom wells, three-dimensional circumvention wells, etc. all need to use directional drilling technology. [0003] The development of sliding directional drilling technology has become mature in the late 1980s. At present, this technology is widely used in directional drilling construction. Slidin...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

From the perspective of field application, sliding directional drilling technology is mature and reliable, but there are still some problems. In summary, there are mainly the following four shortcomings: First, the directional drilling speed is slow

The drilling tool does not rotate during orientation, and the power to drive the drill bit to rotate comes from the thrust generated by the worm or turbine of the power drilling tool when the mud flows. The worm or turbine rotates to drive the drill bit to rotate. This force is finally provided by the mud pump instead of the turntable. Provided, so that the rock-breaking torque obtained by the drill bit is small, and the directional drilling speed is low

Second, when the downhole friction is large, it is difficult for the drilling tool to slide forward, that is, the phenomenon of "support pressure" occurs, the drilling pressure cannot be fully added to the drill bit, and directional drilling is difficult

The third is that the tool face is not easy to stabilize, which affects the accuracy and efficiency of directional construction

Fourth, there are certain risks during orientation, and downhole accidents such as sticking of drilling tools are prone to occur

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