Rotary guiding drilling tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a downhole guiding drilling tool, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum engineering stratigraphical drilling downhole tools. The downhole guiding drilling tool consists of an irrotational coat, a rotary mandrel and a directed control mechanism, wherein a fixed centralizer and a guiding roller are arranged on the outer surface of the irrotational coat; the directed control mechanism is arranged in an inner cavity; and the guiding roller can be controlled to extend and retract by rotation and vertical movement of the drilling tool. When the guiding roller extends, a lateral thrust is applied to a drill bit, and a well track can forwards move along a certain direction. When extending, the roller is supported on a well wall, and the irrotational coat is prevented from rotating, but can downwards move when the drilling tool is fed, so that the purpose of directed drilling of the drilling tool under the state of rotation is realized. When retracting, the guiding roller does not have a guiding function, and the drilling tool drills like the conventional drilling tool.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a downhole directional drilling tool, which belongs to the technical field of downhole tools for formation drilling in petroleum engineering. Background technique [0002] In the drilling of oil and gas wells, due to the limitation of the objective conditions on the ground or the influence of many factors such as the distribution of oil layers, it is necessary to control the trajectory of the drilling wellbore so that it can advance in a certain direction, successfully drill into the oil and gas layers, and achieve the purpose of oil and gas production , Such as conventional directional wells, horizontal wells, lateral wells, multi-bottom wells, three-dimensional circumvention wells, etc. all need to use directional drilling technology. [0003] The development of sliding directional drilling technology has become mature in the late 1980s. At present, this technology is widely used in directional drilling construction. Slidin...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

From the perspective of field application, sliding directional drilling technology is mature and reliable, but there are still some problems. In summary, there are mainly the following four shortcomings: First, the directional drilling speed is slow

The drilling tool does not rotate during orientation, and the power to drive the drill bit to rotate comes from the thrust generated by the worm or turbine of the power drilling tool when the mud flows. The worm or turbine rotates to drive the drill bit to rotate. This force is finally provided by the mud pump instead of the turntable. Provided, so that the rock-breaking torque obtained by the drill bit is small, and the directional drilling speed is low

Second, when the downhole friction is large, it is difficult for the drilling tool to slide forward, that is, the phenomenon of "support pressure" occurs, the drilling pressure cannot be fully added to the drill bit, and directional drilling is difficult

The third is that the tool face is not easy to stabilize, which affects the accuracy and efficiency of directional construction

Fourth, there are certain risks during orientation, and downhole accidents such as sticking of drilling tools are prone to occur

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