Catalyst layer flooding solution and ultra-thin catalyst layer and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for solving the water flooding of the catalyst layer of a fuel cell, an ultra-thin catalyst layer and a preparation method thereof; when the catalyst layer of the fuel cell has a porous structure, its thickness is controlled to be no more than 20 nm, and the pores of the catalyst layer are When the ionic polymer is filled, its thickness is controlled not to exceed 5nm. When the ultra-thin catalyst layer of the present invention is used, water flooding will not affect the normal operation of the catalyst layer, and the open gas diffusion channel is not necessary, no electrolyte needs to be added in the catalyst layer, and the catalyst layer does not need to be porous. Because water flooding has no influence on the performance of the ultra-thin catalyst layer of the present invention, all problems caused by water flooding do not exist. Therefore, the present invention changes the traditional solution idea of ​​avoiding flooding as much as possible, but realizes that the thickness of the water layer is controlled to be thin enough by controlling the thickness of the catalyst layer, and the diffusion amount of oxygen in the water layer can satisfy the fuel cell to generate 1.5A / cm2 current density requirements.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to fuel cells, especially proton exchange membrane fuel cells, direct methanol fuel cells, alkaline fuel cells and phosphoric acid fuel cells where flooding is a serious problem. Background technique [0002] Because of their fast response times and frequent start-ups and shutdowns, PEM fuel cells are ideal for backup power, vehicle power and portable power. In the past 30 years, thanks to the efforts of scientists and technicians from all over the world, proton exchange membrane fuel cell technology has made remarkable progress. At present, the biggest problem affecting its durability and life is still the flooding of the electrodes used in it. Flooding not only degrades fuel cell performance but can lead to localized fuel starvation at the electrode surface, and once fuel starvation occurs, the anode can be damaged within seconds. [0003] In the fuel cell, the fuel oxidation reaction at the anode and the oxidant reduc...

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Problems solved by technology

[0008] Aiming at the performance and life problems caused by the water flooding of the fuel cell catalyst layer in the prior art, the present invention provides a solution completely different from the existing solutions and ideas, which not only subverts people's traditional mode of solving the water flooding problem, It also solves the performance and life problems caused by the flooding of the fuel cell catalyst layer

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