Residual oil hydrotreating method

Abstract

The invention discloses a residual oil hydrotreating method, the method uses a fixed bed radial reactor for residual oil hydrogenation reaction, catalyst bed layers of the fixed bed radial reactor are respectively loaded, from the inside to the outside, with a protective agent, a hydrodemetallization catalyst, a hydrodesulfurization catalyst and a hydrodenitrogenation / carbon residue removal catalyst, raw oil mixed with dissolved hydrogen enters from the reactor bottom via a feed tube for hydrotreating reaction, hydrogenated generation oil is collected by a generation oil collection zone, and then discharged out of the reactor. The method avoids the defects that in the prior art, when the hydrodemetallization activity of a front catalyst of a fixed bed residual oil hydrogenation unit is lost, hydrodemetallization reaction is undertaken completely by a rear catalyst, and the rear catalyst deactivation is accelerated, overall improves the active resource utilization rate of catalysts, and can effectively reduce the varieties and specifications of the catalysts without too much increase of the protective agent, the raw oil can be in stable and long-term operation at the optimum reaction temperature, and temperature increasing operation is not needed for compensation of the catalyst activity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of residue oil hydrogenation, in particular to a method for hydrogenating residue oil using a fixed-bed radial reactor. Background technique [0002] Hydrogenation of residual oil is one of the main technical approaches to lighten heavy oil. At present, hydrogenation reaction technologies such as fixed bed, moving bed, ebullating bed, and suspension bed have been developed for residual oil hydrogenation. Among them, fixed-bed hydrogenation technology has developed rapidly with the main technical advantage of simple and stable reaction process operation, and has become the most mature mainstream technology for residual oil hydrogenation. More and more refineries choose fixed-bed residual oil hydrogenation and residual oil catalytic cracking The combined process achieves the purpose of producing high-quality gasoline, kerosene, and diesel in a large amount, and the economic and social benefits are remarkable....

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0012] However, in the above-mentioned related patent technologies, no matter whether a special-shaped catalyst is used to increase the bed porosity, or an upflow reactor is used, the reactant flow still flows along the axial direction of the reactor, and the ratio of the flow area to the flow path is relatively small and is a fixed value. , the solid deposits first coalesce in the pre-catalyst bed, and gradually extend to the post-catalyst bed, which cannot fundamentally solve the problems of simultaneous catalyst deactivation and high pressure drop in the catalyst bed, and the waste of active resources of the post-catalyst problem always exists

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