Large-stroke high-energy-dissipation shape memory alloy buffer

Abstract

The invention relates to a buffer device applied to the fields of vehicles, machinery and the like, in particular to a buffer device which utilizes a shape memory alloy material and has the characteristics of large stroke, high energy dissipation, resettability and the like. The buffer device comprises single-conical-surface inner circular rings, a double-conical-surface inner circular ring and double inner conical surface-containing shape memory alloy outer circular rings, wherein the single-conical-surface inner circular rings are arranged at the two ends of the buffer device respectively, and a plurality of double inner conical surface-containing shape memory alloy outer circular rings and the double-conical-surface inner circular ring are arranged in the middle of the buffer device alternately. The buffer device is simple in structure and convenient to process and assemble. The shape memory alloy material is in an annular stretch state, the stress state is simple and uniform, and the material utilization rate is high. Compared with the traditional annular spring buffer, the buffer device has the advantage that the relative compression deformation is obviously improved. The energy dissipation through shape memory alloy phase change is combined with the energy dissipation through friction, so that the energy dissipation capability is higher. When the compression displacement is relatively large, the load is almost kept constant, and buffer protection is favorably realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a buffer device suitable for vehicles, machinery and other fields, in particular to a buffer device using a shape memory alloy material, which has the characteristics of large stroke, high energy consumption, resettable and the like. Background technique [0002] Buffer devices are widely used in machinery, vehicles and earthquake-resistant buildings. According to the relationship between the buffer and the speed and displacement, it can be roughly divided into speed type, displacement type and hybrid type buffer. Speed-type shock absorbers, such as common hydraulic shock absorbers, have a large difference in force at different impact speeds. When the speed exceeds a certain speed limit, the buffer force will be too large. The device that utilizes the principle of metal plastic deformation to buffer energy consumption belongs to the displacement type buffer. It is widely used in the fields of automobile anti-collision and buil...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] According to its material characteristics, various devices using shape memory alloys for buffering and energy dissipation have emerged, among which the mainstream is the stretching mechanism using alloy wires, but the buffer strokes of these devices depend heavily on the length of alloy wires, and the relative deformation is biased. small, limited range of application

Recently, the inventor applied to the State Intellectual Property Office for an invention patent "a hydraulic buffer device using a shape memory alloy", patent application number 201410126824.3, using uniaxial stretching of a pseudoelastic shape memory alloy rod for energy consumption and reset , through the area ratio of the large piston and the small plunger in the hydraulic device, the function of displacement amplification is realized, but it involves hydraulic pressure, sealing and other devices, and the structure is slightly complicated

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