High-efficiency VOCs removal catalytic material at room temperature

Abstract

The invention relates to a formula of a catalytic material for efficiently removing VOCs and a preparation method of the catalytic material and belongs to the technical field of normal temperature catalysis and air purification. The efficient catalytic material is characterized by being prepared from a biological active carbon carrier with a high specific surface area, a non-noble metal catalytic component, a titanium oxide nanotube catalytic component and a macromolecular polymer template auxiliary. A preparation process of the material is characterized by comprising the steps of adding titanium dioxide and one or more of macromolecular polymers such as polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyaniline into a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution; carrying out hydrothermal reaction for 3-12 hours at 120-200 DEG C; then adding an aqueous solution containing one or more of non-noble metal ions such as Ce<4+>, Al<3+>, Zn<2+>, Mn<2+>, Fe<3+>, Co<2+>, Ni<2+>, and Cu<2+> to obtain a dispersed sol; immersing the biological active carbon with the high specific surface area for 4-10 hours at normal temperature; after solid liquid separation, carrying out sealed reaction on a solid wet material for 3-5 hours at 120-200 DEG C; and carrying out microwave drying on the material for 0.5-2 hours to obtain the final catalytic material. The catalytic material has the characteristics of being efficient in adsorption, quick to catalyze, long in service life and the like and can be used for satisfying the requirement of efficiently removing indoor VOCs for a long time (longer than 3000 hours) in a real environment.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention discloses a formula and a preparation process of a catalytic material for efficiently removing VOCs pollutants at room temperature, relates to nanometer multifunctional composite modified carbon-based materials, and belongs to the technical field of room temperature catalysis and air purification. Background technique [0002] Modern people spend more than 80% to 90% of their time indoors on average, and the quality of indoor air quality directly affects human health and work and study efficiency. With the improvement of building airtightness and the widespread use of new building materials, indoor VOCs have become one of the important indoor air pollutants. When the concentration of VOCs in the indoor air is too high, it is easy to cause acute poisoning. In mild cases, symptoms such as headache, dizziness, cough, and nausea will occur; in severe cases, liver poisoning and even coma will occur soon, and some may be life-threatening. Livi...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Among them, activated carbon adsorption is a commonly used VOCs adsorption material, which has the advantages of fast, safe, and economical, but there are still obvious shortcomings in the use of activated carbon materials to remove low-concentration VOCs indoors: 1) Currently, commercially available activated carbons are mainly coal-based carbons, and the specific surface area Mostly at 1100 m 2 Below / g, VOCs adsorption speed and capacity are relatively low; 2) Due to the low concentration of indoor VOCs and various components, unmodified activated carbon materials are weak in adsorption of low-concentration VOCs, and the adsorption equilibrium is reached above the national standard allowable concentration; 3 ) The VOCs removal mode of activated carbon materials is a simple physical adsorption method. When the amount of VOCs in the air is large, it is easy to reach adsorption saturation, the service life is relatively short, and the saturated activated carbon is easy to become a secondary pollution source

However, the development of materials with both high-efficiency adsorption and catalytic functions is still insufficient: 1) The VOCs removal materials of activated carbon with catalytic function are mostly noble metals, such as Pt, Ag, Pd, etc., the cost is relatively high, and there is still a long way to go before market promotion and application Distance; 2) The doping preparation process of titanium oxide materials is complicated, and the immobilization process (loading on carbon-containing materials) obtains titanium oxide materials from titanium precursors, such as tetrabutyl titanate, titanium tetrachloride, etc., and there is a process flow 3) The specific surface area of ​​titanium oxide itself is low, and the enrichment rate of VOCs is too slow, thus affecting the removal rate of VOCs; 4) The excitation of titanium oxide and its supporting materials still prefers to use ultraviolet light , it is easy to bring radiation risks and incidental ozone hazards in the actual application process