The invention discloses a magnetorheological fluid multi-stage treatment device and a control method and component manufacturing method thereof and belongs to the technical field of machine manufacturing. The magnetorheological fluid multi-stage treatment device comprises a preposition piston cylinder, a middle piston cylinder, a postposition piston cylinder, a preposition piston, a middle piston, a postposition piston, a preposition filtering box, a middle filtering box, a postposition filtering box, a preposition filtering mesh, a middle filtering mesh and a postposition filtering mesh. The preposition piston cylinder is connected with the preposition piston through a bolt, the preposition bolt is matched with an inner cavity of the preposition filtering box, the preposition filtering box is vertically arranged, and the axis is in the vertical direction; meanwhile, the invention further provides corresponding control method and a key component manufacturing method of the device. According to the magnetorheological fluid multi-stage treatment device and the control method and component manufacturing method thereof, a two-standing three-filtering mode is adopted to filter mixed liquid, the characteristic of the mixed liquid at each stage is fully utilized, and the purpose of fast and thoroughly separating magnetic substances and solvent is finally achieved.