Expressway-railway shared shield tunnel fire ventilation and smoke discharging simulation experimental apparatus

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire ventilation and smoke discharging experimental simulation apparatus based on an expressway-railway shared double-layer shield tunnel system. The expressway-railway shared shield tunnel fire ventilation and smoke discharging simulation experimental apparatus comprises a tunnel semi-transverse smoke discharging control and optimization system, a simulation fire source system, a multi-characteristic-parameter measurement system, a fire detection system and a water mist extinguishing system; the simulation fire source system is used for simulating a fire source and an occurrence position of the fire source, the fire detection system is used for sensing the occurrence of the fire and issuing an alarming signal, the multi-characteristic-parameter measurement system is used for acquiring multiple characteristic parameters of the fire, the tunnel semi-transverse smoke discharging control and optimization system is used for discharging the smoke of the fire, and the water mist extinguishing system is used for controlling the fire. The fire ventilation and smoke discharging experimental simulation apparatus can simulate the fire situation occurring in a real expressway-railway shared tunnel and provides a simulation experimental platform for comprehensively and systematically researching the control and optimization of the smoke, detection of the tunnel fire under a complicated situation, extinguishment and control of the fire, distribution evolution rule of carbon oxide and the like, so that a better implementation scheme can be provided for designing the personal evacuation when fire happens in the real tunnel.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of fire safety of a shield tunnel shared by the road and rail, in particular to a fire ventilation and smoke exhaust simulation experiment device for a shield tunnel shared by the road and rail. Background technique [0002] With the rapid economic and social development, a large number of long and large tunnels and various large-section tunnels have emerged, such as the Shanghai Fuxing Road Tunnel, the Jungong Road Tunnel and other large-section double-layer tunnels. At the same time, a kind of road-rail shared shield has emerged. Underwater tunnels are constructed, with cars on the upper level and light rail or subway trains on the lower level, bringing great convenience to traffic. In recent years, tunnel fire accidents have occurred frequently, causing heavy casualties and property losses. Tunnel fire, smoke control, fire detection and fire suppression control research have become the focus of attention. Simulation ex...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] (1) There is no experimental platform for the control of smoke spread in large-section double-layer shield tunnels. For example, the reference document CN203978442U only provides a road-rail joint construction that is suitable for the construction of the open-cut method or the combination of the open-cut method and other construction methods. The line layout method for building underwater tunnels does not involve the experimental platform for smoke spread in shield tunnels

At the same time, the comparative document CN103670437A only explained the layout structure of the evacuation passage of the shield tunnel built by the highway and railway, and did not specifically introduce the fire ventilation and smoke exhaust and smoke exhaust optimization experiments of this type of tunnel. The research on the fire smoke flow and characteristic parameter distribution of shared double-layer shield tunnels, and the effectiveness of fire control technology is almost blank, and there is no related special experimental research platform, and scientists still lack relevant understanding of this

If the smoke control and optimization cannot be done reasonably, it will cause a lot of waste of resources

[0006] (2) The size of the tunnel section is limited and there are certain defects

At present, the length of tunnel fire test benches at home and abroad is mostly within 20m, and the cross-section is relatively narrow, which is somewhat different from the actual tunnel. It is difficult to capture some tunnel fire characteristic parameters.

In the comparative document CN101726370B, the length of the tunnel is more than 60 meters, but the tunnel section is square, and the square top of the tunnel will ignore the smoke accumulation effect brought by the curved top, which will have an important impact on the distribution of the characteristic parameters of the smoke layer.

[0007] (3) Limitations of lane fire detection

The traditional early fire detection in tunnels does not comprehensively consider the special boundary condition of vehicle congestion restriction, and cannot describe its restriction and the smoke transport and detection of tunnel fire under this condition

[0008] (4) Tunnel simulated fire source is uncontrollable

In traditional tunnel fire simulation, oil pool fire is more common, and its fire source power is not easy to adjust and control, and the determination of fire source power plays an important role in the study of tunnel fire dynamics

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