A kind of composite flame retardant and its method for preparing flame retardant fiberboard

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof material development, and specifically relates to a composite flame retardant and a method for preparing a flame retardant fiberboard. A composite flame retardant is composed of aluminum hydroxide, borax and sodium silicate, and the mass ratio of aluminum hydroxide, borax and sodium silicate in the composite flame retardant is 4‑6:3‑5:2 ‑4. The composite flame retardant of the invention has the advantages of good flame retardant effect, low toxicity, good smoke suppression and environmental friendliness, can remarkably improve the flame retardant performance of the fiberboard, is cheap, and is suitable for industrial production of the flame retardant fiberboard.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fireproof material development, and specifically relates to a composite flame retardant and a method for preparing flame-retardant fiberboards. Background technique [0002] Humans have tried to flame-retardant wood a long time ago. In Roman times, wood used to build houses and warships was soaked in a mixture of vinegar and lime to improve its fire resistance. In 1735, Jonathan Wyld treated fiber textiles with a mixture of alum, borax and ferrous sulfate, and successfully applied for the world's first patent on flame-retardant treatment technology. In 1821, Gay-Lussac used ammonium phosphate, ammonium chloride and borax to treat wood, and flame retardants entered the stage of systematic research. From 1930 to 1935, the American Forestry Laboratory focused on research on wood flame retardants, mainly those containing phosphorus, nitrogen, boron, and halogens. Since the 1950s, the United States and othe...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The development of wood inorganic flame retardants is the earliest. It has the advantages of good thermal stability, non-volatility, no precipitation, non-toxicity, no corrosive gas, low price, and high safety performance. Large flame retardant efficiency is low, high filling content is high and it is easy to affect the performance of polymer materials

[0005] Inorganic flame retardants include four categories: phosphorus-nitrogen compounds, halogens and their compounds, boron compounds and metal hydroxides, but each has its own advantages and disadvantages: (1) phosphorus-nitrogen compounds: including phosphate and polyphosphate, such as phosphoric acid Ammonium dihydrogen (MAP), ammonium polyphosphate, etc., among which ammonium dihydrogen phosphate is the most widely used phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant

The disadvantage of halides is that they have high hygroscopicity and deliquescence, which adversely affect the physical and mechanical properties of wood

The disadvantage is that the water solubility is low, and the mixture is difficult to penetrate into the wood in the form of hydrated ions

Its advantages are that it does not produce toxic and corrosive gases, suppresses smoke, is non-toxic, non-volatile, unaffected by water, and cheap; the disadvantage is that it is added in a high amount, which affects the physical and mechanical properties and processing properties of wood.

Its advantage is that it has many varieties, is resistant to loss, and has little impact on the physical and mechanical properties of wood. The disadvantage is that the flame retardancy is unstable, the cost is high, and it produces a lot of smoke and toxic gases when burning.

Images