Method for improving saline-alkali soil of coastal mud flat by using charcoal cushion layer

A biochar, saline-alkali land technology, applied in land preparation methods, soil conditioning materials, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of unstable improvement effect, change of soil properties, interference with air entering, etc., to alleviate the dilemma of saline-alkali soil improvement, Effects of improving soil physical and chemical properties and controlling agricultural non-point source pollution

Active Publication Date: 2016-09-28
南京林业大学工程规划设计院有限公司
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, in the actual improvement process, there are still the following prominent problems: the improvement effect is unstable, and it is difficult to match the technical expectations with the actual effect; the improvement effect is good in the early stage, but it is difficult to control the salt return in the later stage; To adapt to the needs of diversified industries, the acceptance of farmers is low
What needs to be concerned is that due to the low density of biochar, biochar applied on the field scale is easy to enter the air with the wind or disturbance of agricultural activities, reducing the improvement efficiency and causing negative environmental and health impacts
On the other hand, because the problem of salt return is not fundamentally solved, the biochar may reach adsorption saturation in a short period of time, which makes it difficult to maintain the improvement effect for a long time, although the improvement effect in the early stage may be good.
In order to improve the efficiency of improvement, if biochar is applied more frequently, not only the cost will increase, but also the soil properties will be significantly changed due to the accumulation of biochar, which seriously restricts soil productivity.
Some studies have also proposed the method of mixing biochar into saline-alkali soil, and removing the surface soil after the adsorption is saturated to reduce the salt content. Although it may have a higher efficiency in the short term, it still does not solve the fundamental problem of evapotranspiration and salt return in the lower soil. question

Method used

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  • Method for improving saline-alkali soil of coastal mud flat by using charcoal cushion layer
  • Method for improving saline-alkali soil of coastal mud flat by using charcoal cushion layer
  • Method for improving saline-alkali soil of coastal mud flat by using charcoal cushion layer

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0043] Plan the improvement area, divide the improvement unit after leveling the land, and then grid it into an improvement plot of 5m×6m, and the interval width between the improvement plots is 0.2m; excavate the saline-alkali soil of the improvement plot to a depth of 40cm to form a biochar cushion pit foundation ;In the pit foundation, firstly lay the biochar cushion layer B composed of the biochar module B from bottom to top, with a thickness of 5cm, and then lay the biochar cushion layer A composed of the biochar module A, with a thickness of 5cm. The outside of the biochar module A is a degradable film, and the inside is a mixed biochar A with a particle size of less than 1mm. Woody biochar accounts for 70% of the total volume, and other biochar accounts for 30% of the total volume; The outside is a degradable film, and the inside is a mixed biochar B with a particle size of 1-2mm. Woody biochar accounts for 30% of the total volume, and other biochar accounts for 70% of t...

Embodiment 2

[0047] Plan the improvement area, divide the improvement unit after leveling the land, and then grid it into an improvement plot of 5m×6m. ;In the pit foundation, firstly lay the biochar cushion layer B composed of biochar module B from bottom to top, with a thickness of 10cm, and then lay the biochar cushion layer A composed of biochar module A, with a thickness of 10cm. The outside of the biochar module A is a degradable film, and the inside is a mixed biochar A with a particle size of less than 1mm. Woody biochar accounts for 60% of the total volume, and other biochar accounts for 40% of the total volume; The outside is a degradable film, and the inside is a mixed biochar B with a particle size of 1-2mm. Woody biochar accounts for 40% of the total volume, and other biochar accounts for 60% of the total volume.

[0048] Backfill the topsoil and turn it evenly; drain the salt 4 times to get the improved soil, which can be used for planting vegetables.

[0049] Ditches with a w...

Embodiment 3

[0051] Plan the improvement area, divide the improvement unit after leveling the land, and then grid it into an improvement plot of 5m×6m, and the interval width between the improvement plots is 0.2m; excavate the saline-alkali soil on the surface of the improvement plot to 45cm to form a biochar cushion pit foundation ; In the pit foundation, first lay the biochar cushion B composed of biochar module B from bottom to top, with a thickness of 5cm, and then lay the biochar cushion A composed of biochar module A, with a thickness of 15cm. The outside of the biochar module A is a degradable film, and the inside is a mixed biochar A with a particle size of less than 1mm. Woody biochar accounts for 50% of the total volume, and other biochar accounts for 50% of the total volume; The outside is a degradable film, and the inside is a mixed biochar B with a particle size of 1-2mm. Woody biochar accounts for 50% of the total volume, and other biochar accounts for 50% of the total volume....

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for improving saline-alkali soil of a coastal mud flat by using a charcoal cushion layer. The method comprises: planning an improvement unit and an improvement district, excavating surface soil of the improvement district to 40-50 cm, laying a charcoal cushion layer in thickness of 10-20 cm, backfilling surface soil, eliminating salt by natural rainfall or drip washing for 3-5 times. The method is simple, and is short in improvement period, and stable in effect, and has no secondary pollution. The use of the charcoal cushion layer effectively controls agricultural non-point source pollution while effectively improves saline-alkali soil, so as to promote improvement of the saline-alkali soil and benign development of agricultural ecology. The method can be applied in improvement of saline-alkali soil of a coastal mud flat, and improved soil can be used for planting rice, wheat, or saline-alkali resource plants.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and specifically relates to a technical method for improving saline-alkali land soil in coastal tidal flats by utilizing a biochar cushion. technical background [0002] Focusing on soil improvement of tidal flat saline-alkali land, many scholars have innovated and integrated a series of effective theories and technologies. For example, water conservancy improvement technologies such as underground pipe salt drainage, water saving and salt control, irrigation water and salt drainage, physical and agricultural improvement technologies such as "upper-covering and lower-level reform", "upper farming and lower fish, furrow irrigation and ditch drainage", "straw clipping", Mixed application of biochar, planting of saline-alkali-tolerant plants, and addition of improvers, etc. However, in the actual improvement process, there are still the following prominent problems: the impro...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01B79/00C09K17/04C09K101/00
CPCA01B79/00C09K17/04C09K2101/00
Inventor 韩建刚范弟武朱咏莉
Owner 南京林业大学工程规划设计院有限公司
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