Assistant positioning device for cutting medium and small focuses in specimen of lung and positioning method of positioning device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instrument assistant tools, and in particular relates to an assistant positioning device for cutting medium and small focuses in a specimen of a lung and a positioning method of the positioning device. The positioning device comprises a positioning box, wherein a plurality of small holes are formed on any four surfaces except the bottom surface of the positioning box; the surface without the small holes is a moveable gate; pores are formed in the moveable gate; the sizes of the small holes are matched with the diameter of a puncture positioning needle; the edges of the small holes are surrounded by metal strips in an embedded manner; and scales are arranged on outer edges of the surfaces of the small holes. The positioning method comprises the following steps: performing in-vitro CT (Computed Tomography) scanning on an aerated lung cutting specimen, and determining the position of a focus and the position of a corresponding small hole on a CT recombined image; inserting a marker into the corresponding hole by using a puncture positioning needle, scanning the positioning box, and terminating positioning after the positioning needle reaches the edge of the focus; and cutting off the specimen along the puncture positioning needle, and accurately sampling the focus. By adopting the positioning device, puncture positioning of an in-vitro lung specimen can be achieved, a plurality of focuses inside a lung can be simultaneously positioned, and thus precise pathological diagnosis on each focus inside the lung can be achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a device for assisting the positioning of small lesions in a lung resection specimen. Background technique [0002] Due to the popularization and application of multi-slice spiral CT, more and more ground-glass nodules (GGN) are found in healthy patients. Studies have shown that the malignant rate of GGN is even higher than that of solid pulmonary nodules (Solid Pulmonary Nodule, SPN), among which lung adenocarcinoma is the most common. The data presented in the New International Classification of Lung Adenocarcinoma shows that the 5-year survival rate after AIS is 100%, and the 5-year survival rate after MIA is also close to 100%. Early surgical resection of the lesion can significantly improve the survival rate and quality of life of patients. However, due to the tiny size and extremely low density of the lesions, accurate positioning of the lesions in pos...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there are also some disadvantages in the preoperative positioning technique: First, preoperative CT-guided percutaneous puncture positioning itself is an invasive examination, which may bring some complications such as bleeding, pneumothorax, hemothorax, tumor dissemination and implantation etc., and preoperative puncture will inevitably increase the patient's medical radiation dose

Second, if the patient has multiple lesions in the same lung lobe, if you want to achieve accurate positioning, you need to perform multiple puncture positioning on the patient, which is also multiple injuries for the patient, and will inevitably increase the puncture complications Long-term puncture positioning will not only increase the radiation dose received by the patient, but also reduce the patient's compliance with the increase of puncture time, and it is difficult to maintain the same position for a long time; During the process from embedding the hook in the body to surgical resection, the position may change, which not only affects the effect of lesion resection and postoperative material collection, but also causes further damage to the patient; Fourth, if the lesion is very small (less than 10mm) or Due to the density of ground glass, it is difficult for pathologists to find lesions on the postoperative specimens with bare hands, and it is necessary to perform layer-by-layer sectioning and microscopic observation of the possible parts of the lesions, which will inevitably consume a lot of unnecessary time and energy. During intraoperative frozen examination, fast and accurate localization of lesions can shorten the patient's anesthesia time and is also the basis for qualitative diagnosis of lesions, which will also affect the selection of the scope of surgery in the next step, such as whether it is necessary to further expand the scope of surgery, whether Necessary for regional lymph node dissection, etc.

Images