[0025] In order to facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further explained below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of related embodiments. The embodiments of the present invention are given in the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present invention more fully.
[0026] See figure 1 , Is a schematic diagram of the module structure of the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100 provided by the first embodiment of the present invention, including a power supply module 10 and a power transmission module 20 and a load module 30 that are electrically connected to the power supply module 10, respectively. 10 is used to supply power to the load module 30 to ensure the normal operation of various electrical equipment of the automobile, and the power transmission module 20 is used to transmit the power supply module 10 to the load module 30, or the load module 30 The voltage fed back to the power supply module 10 is controlled to achieve the effect of high-voltage power distribution. The load module 30 is used to implement various functions of the automobile, such as air-conditioning and engine operation.
[0027] See figure 2 ,for figure 1 A schematic diagram of the equipment structure of a high-voltage power distribution system 100 for a medium electric vehicle. The power supply module 10 includes a battery unit 12, a switch unit 11 and a precharge unit 13 electrically connected to the battery unit 12, and the battery unit 12 is used for To provide voltage in the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100. Specifically, the battery unit 12 may be a lithium battery, a solar battery, etc., and the switch unit 11 is connected to the power transmission module 20 and the load module 30 respectively. The switch unit 11 is used to control the electrical connection state between the power supply module 10, the power transmission module 20, and the load module 30. The switch unit 11 is provided with a plurality of switch devices to Correspondingly control different electrical equipment, prevent accidents due to integrated control, and improve the stability of the system power distribution process. The pre-charging unit 13 is electrically connected to the load module 30, and the pre-charging unit 13 It is used to provide pre-charge for the load module 30. Preferably, a manual maintenance switch is provided on the outer casing of the battery unit 12, and the manual maintenance switch is used to directly disconnect all the connecting wires on the battery unit 12 .
[0028] The power transmission module 20 includes an interface unit 21 and a conversion control unit 22 electrically connected to the interface unit 21. The interface unit 21 is used to realize the electrical connection between the load module 30 and the power supply module 20 The interface unit 21 is electrically connected to the load module 30 and the switch unit 11 respectively, and the conversion control unit 22 is electrically connected to the load module 30.
[0029] Specifically, the load module 30 includes a first load unit 31 electrically connected to the conversion control unit 22, a second load unit 32 electrically connected to the interface unit 21, and a second load unit 32 electrically connected to the precharge unit 13. The third load unit 33 is sexually connected. The first load unit 31, the second load unit 32, and the third load unit 33 are used to implement different functions of the electric vehicle, such as the temperature adjustment function in the vehicle, and the electric vehicle. The driving function of the car or the charging function of the battery, etc.
[0030] In this embodiment, the switch unit 11 includes a first contactor 111 and a second contactor 112. The first contactor 111 is electrically connected to the interface unit 21 and the precharge unit 13, respectively. The second contactor 112 is electrically connected to the interface unit 21, the third load unit 33, and the battery unit 12, respectively, and the first contactor 111 is used to control the interface unit 21 and the precharger. The electrical connection state between the units 13, the second contactor 112 is used to control the connection between the battery unit 12 and the interface unit 21, and between the battery unit 12 and the third load unit 33 In the electrical connection state, through the design of the first contactor 111 and the second contactor 112, the power transmission module 20 and the power supply module 10, the power supply module 10 and the load module Independent control between 30 and 30 prevents accidents caused by integrated control, and improves the stability of the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100.
[0031] Preferably, the pre-charging unit 13 includes a third contactor 131, a fourth contactor 132, and a pre-charging resistor 133. The pre-charging resistor 133 is connected in series with the fourth contactor 132 and then connected to the third contactor. 131 are connected in parallel, the input ends of the third contactor 131 and the fourth contact 132 are electrically connected to the battery unit 12, and the output ends of the third contactor 131 and the precharge resistor 133 are respectively It is electrically connected to the first contactor 111 and the third load unit 33, and the pre-charge unit 13 is used to provide a pre-charge voltage for the third load unit 33, which prevents electronic components caused by instant power-on. Damage to the device.
[0032] In addition, in this embodiment, the interface unit 21 is made of an electrical interface 211, the conversion control unit 22 includes an onboard controller 221 and a voltage converter 222, the onboard controller 221 and the voltage converter 222 Both are electrically connected to the electrical interface 211 and the first load unit 31, and the electrical interface 211 is respectively electrically connected to the second load unit 32 and the switch unit 11, and the on-board control The device 221 is used to control external charging of the power supply module 10, and the voltage converter 222 is used to convert a fixed DC voltage into a variable DC power to facilitate the power distribution of the load module 30 and improve The power distribution efficiency of the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100 is calculated.
[0033] The first load unit 31 includes a low-voltage device 312 and a slow-charge interface 311. The slow-charge interface 311 and the low-voltage device 312 are electrically connected to the on-board controller 221 and the voltage converter 222, respectively. The slow charging interface 311 is used to facilitate the charging of the power supply module 10 by an external power source. The second load unit 32 includes a compressor 321 and a heater 322, and the compressor 321 and the heater 322 are respectively connected to each other. The electrical interface 211 is electrically connected.
[0034] The third load unit 33 includes a control unit 331, a motor 332 electrically connected to the control unit 331, and a speed reducer 333 provided on the motor 332. The control unit 331 is connected to the electrical interface 211 and The switch unit 11 is electrically connected. Specifically, the control unit 331 is electrically connected to the first contactor 111, the third contactor 131, and the precharge resistor 133, and the battery unit 12 The switch unit 11 and the pre-charging unit 13 are arranged in the same battery box, and the second contactor 112 and the third contactor 131 are electrically connected to the positive and negative electrodes of the battery unit 12, respectively.
[0035] Table 1 Analysis of working conditions of high-voltage components of electric vehicles
[0036]
[0037] Please refer to Table 1. In this embodiment, the operating conditions of the high-voltage components of the pure electric vehicle are analyzed. By integrating relevant high-voltage components in a reasonable high-voltage power distribution system, you can effectively reduce the number of high-voltage contactors, high-voltage connectors, and the amount of high-voltage wires used, which can not only avoid unnecessary safety hazards, but also effectively reduce vehicle costs. , By comparing and analyzing the working characteristics and power levels of various high-voltage components, high-voltage components with similar working characteristics share a contactor as much as possible, and high-voltage components with similar power levels share a fuse as much as possible. The DC/OBC is integrated into an assembly and integrates the functions of the electrical distribution unit to supply power for A/C and PTC. The fuses of each circuit are arranged in independent boxes outside the battery box, eliminating the need to develop high-voltage distribution boxes.
[0038] While ensuring that the high-voltage circuits are all equipped with independent control, this embodiment can share contactors, fuses and other components to the greatest extent. The fuses of each circuit are arranged in independent boxes outside the battery box, which is convenient for maintenance and inspection, and there is no need to develop high-voltage power distribution boxes. Minimize the use of contactors, fuses, and high-voltage wiring harnesses for external interface machines in each high-voltage circuit, save layout space and use costs, compare and analyze working characteristics and power levels, and try to share contactors with components with similar working characteristics. Components with similar power levels should share fuses as much as possible.
[0039] In this embodiment, through the design of the switch unit 11, the interface unit 21, and the conversion control unit 22, different load devices can be independently controlled, thereby preventing potential safety hazards due to integrated control. This improves the stability of the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100. Through the design of the pre-charging unit 13, damage to the load equipment caused by the rapid power supply is prevented, thereby further improving the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system. The stability of the system 100.
[0040] See image 3 , Is a schematic diagram of the equipment structure of the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100a provided by the second embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the second embodiment is substantially the same as that of the first embodiment. The difference is that the power transmission module 20 in this embodiment A fuse module 40 is provided between the power supply module 10 and the fuse module 40. A fuse 41 is provided in the fuse module 40. Two ends of the fuse 41 are electrically connected to the power transmission module 20 and the power supply module 10 respectively.
[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, both ends of the fuse 41 are electrically connected to the electrical interface 211 and the first contactor 111, respectively, and the fuse 41 is used when the electrical interface 211 is connected to the first contactor 111. When the current before the contactor 111 is too large, the electrical connection between the electrical interface 211 and the first contactor 111 is disconnected to prevent the load module 30 from being damaged due to excessive voltage and improve the The stability of the electric vehicle high-voltage power distribution system 100 is described.
[0042] The foregoing embodiments describe the technical principles of the present invention. These descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention, and cannot be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the explanation here, those skilled in the art can think of other specific implementation manners of the present invention without creative work, and these manners will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
