Method for returning rice straw to field and capable of realizing high quality and high yield of wheat and reducing methane emission in rice season

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for returning rice straw to a field and capable of realizing high quality and high yield of wheat and reducing methane emission in a rice season. The method comprisesthe following steps: 1) during harvesting of rice, crushing the rice straw into straw sections with a length of no more than 1 cm, and covering a rice field with the straw sections in situ; 2) carrying out deep plowing with a deep plow, and turning the crushed straw sections over into a tillage layer with a thickness of 0 to 20 cm; 3) after the straw is returned to the field, cooperatively applying a nitrogen fertilizer with an amount accounting for 80% to 90% of the total amount of the nitrogen fertilizer as a base fertilizer, and carrying out topdressing with 10 to 20% of the nitrogen fertilizer, wherein the total amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is 10 to 12 kg / mu; and 4) preparing soil into flat surface with high ridges and low ridges at intervals, spreading wheat seeds into the high ridges, and only watering the low ridges during irrigation, wherein the width of the ridge surface of the high ridges is 70 to 80 cm; the width of the ridge surface of the low ridges is 8 to 15 cm; andthe height difference of the ridge surfaces of the high ridges and the low ridges is 12 to 20 cm. The method provided by the invention can greatly reduce generation and emission of greenhouse gas CH4under the premise of no influence on growth and yield of the wheat.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a rice straw returning method for realizing high-quality and high-yield wheat and reducing methane emission during rice season. Background technique [0002] Paddy soil is one of the important sources of greenhouse gas methane (CH4). my country is the second largest rice-growing country in the world. The rice planting area accounts for 27% of the world's total planting area. Because of its special water management mode and fertilization characteristics , so that the emission of greenhouse gases from paddy fields in my country has received widespread attention. A lot of research has been done on how to reduce and control greenhouse gas emissions and the mechanism of action in the fields of environment, ecology and global climate change. [0003] In addition, there is still a prominent problem with rice field biological resources, that is, rice straw burning. Therefore, in order to avoid air pollution caused by straw burning, retu...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] In addition, there is still a prominent problem with rice field biological resources, that is, rice straw burning. Therefore, in order to avoid air pollution caused by straw burning, returning rice straw to the field after rice harvesting is the most effective means of disposal, but it often causes winter rice crops Yields are reduced, and methane emissions increase significantly during the rice season