Nano combustion catalyst and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a nano combustion catalyst. The nano combustion catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials: aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, cerium oxide, ferric oxide and manganeseoxide with the weight ratio being (40-60):(20-30):(1-5):(10-30):(5-10), wherein cerium oxide is nano cerium oxide, ferric oxide is nano ferric oxide, and manganese oxide is nano manganese oxide. Theinvention also provides a preparation method of the nano combustion catalyst. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: weighing aluminium oxide, silicon dioxide, cerium oxide, ferric oxide and manganese oxide according the weight percent, and mixing with water to obtain preparation raw materials; placing the preparation raw materials into a ball mill for ball milling; adopting a forming process to prepare the ball-milled preparation raw materials into spheres or cylinders; placing in a roasting furnace for roasting, then taking out, and cooling to room temperature. The nano combustion catalyst provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that the problem of exceeding-standard tail-gas emission caused by failure of the three-way catalyst due to poisoning and ageing can be solved, and the activity and the efficiency are high.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a combustion catalyst, in particular to a nanometer combustion catalyst and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, people have paid more and more attention to air quality, and the air pollution caused by motor vehicle exhaust has received widespread attention. The use of motor vehicle exhaust purification catalysts (three-way catalysts) can effectively eliminate harmful substances such as hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon monoxide (CO) in automobile exhaust. However, the working requirements of the three-way catalyst are very strict. If it is not used properly, it will cause other defects such as catalyst failure: [0003] 1. The temperature is too high: When the ignition system of the engine fails, the unburned fuel enters the exhaust system and is ignited again when it encounters high temperature on the surface of the catalyst, causing the temperature of the three-way c...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the working requirements of the three-way catalyst are very strict. If it is not used properly, it will cause other defects such as catalyst failure:

[0003] 1. The temperature is too high: When the engine ignition system fails, the unburned fuel enters the exhaust system and is ignited again when it encounters high temperature on the surface of the catalyst, causing the temperature of the three-way catalyst to be too high and the active components of the catalyst to sinter and fail

[0004] 2. Chronic poisoning: The three-way catalyst is very sensitive to elements such as sulfur, lead, phosphorus, and zinc. Sulfur and lead come from gasoline, and phosphorus and zinc come from lubricating oil. These four substances and their combustion form oxides in the engine Particles are easily adsorbed on the surface of the catalyst, so that the catalyst cannot contact with the exhaust gas, thus losing its catalytic effect, which is the so-called "poisoning" phenomenon

[0005] 3. Surface area carbon: When the car works at low temperature for a long time, the three-way catalytic converter cannot be started, and the carbon smoke emitted by the engine will adhere to the surface of the catalyst, making it impossible to contact with CO and HC. After a long time, the pores of the carrier will be blocked. , affecting its transformation efficiency

[0006] 4. Exhaust deterioration: The catalytic converter has a certain limit on the conversion ability of pollutants, so the original exhaust must be reduced to a minimum through in-machine purification technology

If the concentration and total amount of each component of the exhaust gas pollutants are too large, such as the mixture gas is too thick, etc., it will affect the catalytic conversion ability of the catalyst and reduce its conversion efficiency

In addition, since a large amount of HC and CO in the exhaust gas enter the catalytic reactor, excessive oxidation reaction will occur in it, and a large amount of heat generated by the oxidation reaction will cause the catalytic reactor temperature to be too high and be damaged

[0007] At present, the problem of vehicle exhaust exceeding the standard needs to be solved urgently, but people have not yet found an optimal product for treating vehicles with exhaust emission problems