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Preparation method of a high temperature resistant gradient fiber composite airgel thermal insulation material

A fiber composite, thermal insulation material technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, ceramic products, other household appliances, etc., can solve the problems of difficult large-scale application, difficult machining, molding, low aerogel strength, etc. To achieve the effect of improving heat insulation effect, improving temperature resistance and increasing operating temperature

Active Publication Date: 2020-11-03
NANJING TECH UNIV +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

As we all know, the strength of pure silicon-based, aluminum-based and other oxide aerogels is very low, and large-scale samples cannot be prepared, and it is difficult to machine and shape, and it is difficult to achieve large-scale applications.

Method used

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  • Preparation method of a high temperature resistant gradient fiber composite airgel thermal insulation material

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

example 1

[0026] Silica sol (SiO 2 The particle size is 10nm, the content is 20wt%), absolute ethanol, and deionized water are mixed uniformly at a volume ratio of 1:0.5:0.1 to form a solution, and mixed and stirred at 45°C for 30min to obtain clear SiO 2 For the sol solution, continue to add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 4, then impregnate the sol solution into the glass fiber felt in the mold, seal the film, and place it in a vacuum oven at 50°C for 3 hours to obtain a glass fiber composite SiO 2 Wet gel, recorded as fiber composite wet gel A, takes out the mold, and places aluminum silicate fibers on its upper surface; continue to add silica sol (SiO 2 Particle size is 10nm, content is 20wt%), alumina sol (Al 2 o 3Particle size is 10nm, content is 20wt%), absolute ethanol, deionized water according to the volume ratio according to the volume ratio 1:0.2:0.5:0.2 mix uniformly and make the solution, mix and stir at 45 ℃ for 30min, continue to add hydroch...

example 2

[0028] Silica sol (SiO 2 The particle size is 20nm, the content is 45wt%), absolute ethanol, and deionized water are mixed uniformly in a volume ratio of 1:2:1 to form a solution, and mixed and stirred at 50°C for 60min to obtain a clear SiO 2 For the sol solution, continue to add hydrochloric acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 6, then impregnate the sol solution into the glass fiber felt in the mold, seal the film, and place it in a vacuum oven at 60°C for 6 hours to obtain a glass fiber composite SiO 2 Wet gel, recorded as fiber composite wet gel A, takes out the mold, and places aluminum silicate fibers on its upper surface; continue to add silica sol (SiO 2 Particle size is 20nm, content is 45wt%), alumina sol (Al 2 o 3 The particle size is 20nm, the content is 30wt%), absolute ethanol, and deionized water are mixed uniformly in a volume ratio of 1:5:3:2 to form a solution, mixed and stirred at 50°C for 60min, and continue to add hydrochloric acid to adjust ...

example 3

[0030] Silica sol (SiO 2 The particle size is 15nm, the content is 30wt%), absolute ethanol, and deionized water are mixed uniformly at a volume ratio of 1:1:0.5 to form a solution, and mixed and stirred at 45°C for 50min to obtain clear SiO 2 For the sol solution, continue to add nitric acid to adjust the pH value of the solution to 5, then impregnate the sol solution into the glass fiber felt in the mold, seal the film, and place it in a vacuum oven at 55°C for 4 hours to obtain a glass fiber composite SiO 2 Wet gel, recorded as fiber composite wet gel A, takes out the mold, and places aluminum silicate fiber on its upper surface; then silica sol (SiO 2 Particle size is 15nm, content is 30wt%), alumina sol (Al 2 o 3 Particle size is 15nm, content is 25wt%), absolute ethanol, deionized water by volume ratio 1:1:1:1 by volume and mix uniformly to make solution, mix and stir at 50 ℃ for 60min, continue to add nitric acid, adjust The pH value of the solution is 5, the SiO 2 ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method for a high-temperature-resistant gradient fiber composite aerogel thermal-insulation material. According to the preparation method, low-cost silica sol and alumina sol are served as a silicon source and an aluminum source correspondingly, inorganic glass fibers, aluminum silicate fibers, aluminum oxide fibers and the like are served as aerogel structure reinforcing bodies, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water are served as solvents, an acidic catalyst is combined, mixing is carried out according to a certain ratio, gradient fiber composite alcohol gel is prepared through methods of sol-gel, aging, solvent replacement and the like, then a sample is dried through a simple and low-cost vacuum drying method, and finally the gradient fiber composite aerogel is obtained. The preparation method has the advantages of being simple and low in cost, and a prepared composite material has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, high porosity, high specific surface area and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of high-efficiency gradient heat insulation and high-temperature-resistant inorganic nanometer materials, and in particular relates to a preparation method of high-temperature-resistant gradient fiber composite airgel heat insulation material. Background technique [0002] Airgel is a three-dimensional nano-network structure composed of colloidal particles or polymer molecules, and is a new type of nano-porous material. It has the characteristics of high specific surface area, high porosity, low refractive index, ultra-low density, super adsorption, etc., so it has broad application prospects in thermal, optical, electrical, acoustic and other aspects. In terms of heat, the nanoporous network structure of airgel can effectively inhibit solid-phase heat conduction and gas-phase heat transfer, and has excellent heat insulation characteristics. It is currently the solid material with the lowest t...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C04B30/02C04B38/00B32B38/00B32B38/16
CPCB32B38/00B32B38/164B32B2038/0052B32B2266/126B32B2307/304B32B2307/306C04B30/02C04B38/0045C04B2111/00612C04B14/42C04B14/062C04B14/4656C04B14/303C04B14/4625
Inventor 仲亚沈晓冬崔升孔勇张君君
Owner NANJING TECH UNIV
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