A garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device

Abstract

The invention discloses a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device, in which a tar catalytic layer is arranged at a high-temperature part, applicable to all tar catalysts on the market, such as limestone, dolomite, olivine, magnesite, alkali metal, biological Charcoal, etc.; the presence of the catalyst can not only reduce the tar content in the gasification synthesis gas, but also adjust the proportion of combustible components and improve the quality of the gasification synthesis gas. The gasification device in the gasification device distributes the gasification agent in multiple stages. The first-stage gasification agent directly reacts with the garbage, and the second-stage gasification agent is arranged under the tar catalytic layer to promote the catalytic cracking of the tar; the gasification furnace used Gasification agents include air, oxygen-enriched water vapor, carbon dioxide, etc. The gasification agent used is determined based on the quality of garbage, tar catalyst and gasification synthesis gas. Garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device, thermal and chemical treatment of garbage - garbage gasification, efficient, clean and harmless utilization of energy stored in garbage, effectively avoiding pollution problems such as heavy metals and dioxins.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of garbage treatment, and relates to a garbage gasification and tar catalytic gasification device. Background technique [0002] With the rapid economic growth, my country's demand for energy is increasing day by day. At present, facing the severe situation of the gradual shortage of traditional fossil energy and environmental pollution, the development of renewable, green and sustainable new energy is a major issue in the energy field that needs to be solved urgently. With the deepening of urbanization, the annual generation of municipal solid waste has increased sharply. In 2015, the national generation of municipal solid waste reached 191.419 million tons. The main components of domestic waste in major cities in my country are roughly the same, the organic matter component is as high as 80%, and the proportion of kitchen waste is as high as 50-60%. In domestic waste, the volatile content of organic combu...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The fluidized bed gasifier has uniform mixing, fast reaction rate, large gas-solid contact area, high mass transfer and heat transfer coefficient, uniform reaction temperature, but low thermal efficiency, complex equipment, high maintenance cost, and the particle size of biomass fuel strict requirements

Compared with the fixed bed gasification furnace, the fluidized bed gasification has uniform gasification temperature, high gasification intensity, high requirements on raw material particle size, fine fuel particle size, continuous operation, and lower gasification temperature. High tar content, high impurity content, complex gas purification system, high system investment, operation and maintenance costs, high air flow rate, and easy wear of the bed wall

The conventional fixed-bed gasifier has simple structure, high gasification temperature, and small processing capacity, and is suitable for medium and small-scale industrial applications; but in the continuous reaction process, it is difficult to control the reaction temperature, residence time, and gasification agent flow rate

Fixed-bed gasifiers are prone to accumulation of gasification materials. The gasification materials themselves carry moisture. The presence of moisture leads to uneven heating, which in turn affects the precipitation of volatiles during the pyrolysis process of the materials, and the effective contact between the pyrolysis coke and the gasification agent. gasification process

In addition, the more complex the gasification raw material components are, the more complex the gasification process is, and the more tar is produced. Using a single gasification agent will not be able to achieve efficient gasification of tar.

At present, the gasification furnace generally uses one-stage air gasification, and a small part uses steam gasification, which can be preheated before the pyrolysis gasification process, and the multi-stage gasification agent enables the tar to be effectively gasified. There are basically no reports on bed gasifiers

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