Peak envelope-based seismic data peak noise recognition and suppression method

Abstract

The invention relates to a peak envelope-based seismic data peak noise recognition and suppression method. The technical key point is that a half-width threshold value and an energy threshold value are set according to the differences between peak noise and a target seismic signal in the aspects of lasting time length and energy mean value in a time window so as to recognize the peak noise and airplane signals in seismic data and suppress the peak noise. Experiments prove that the peak envelope-based seismic data peak noise recognition and suppression method disclosed by the invention is capable of realizing the recognition and suppression of the peak noise and is particular effective for the conditions that the target seismic signal is long in lasting time and the peak noise is short in lasting time; and the method is capable of recognizing and suppressing the peak noise and protecting the details of the target seismic signal, thereby effectively improving the quality of the seismic data and reducing the acquisition cost.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The present invention relates to a method for processing seismic exploration data, in particular to a method for identifying and suppressing peak noise in seismic data based on peak envelopes, which is especially suitable for the peak noise contained in seismic data and the amplitude of the target seismic signal, and the target seismic signal In the case of a long duration, it can effectively protect the details of the target seismic signal while suppressing the peak noise, and reduce the loss of signal energy. Background technique: [0002] The seismic data collected by seismic exploration and microseismic observation are often mixed with spike noise, resulting in a decline in the quality of seismic data. If the amplitude of the peak noise is comparable to the amplitude of the target seismic signal, it is difficult to distinguish the signal from the noise by the commonly used threshold detection method, which will increase the false detection rate. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Its advantage is that it can be used to suppress spike noise, but its disadvantage is that for the target seismic signal, a lot of signal details and signal energy will be lost, thereby reducing the signal-to-noise ratio of seismic data

[0004] In addition, CN102047246A proposes a method for peak detection of electrophysiological signals, which uses the envelope and threshold method of electrophysiological signals to detect and identify spike noise, but this method needs to collect a section of background noise in advance, and only It is suitable for the situation where the amplitude of the peak noise is much larger than the target seismic signal, and it cannot be identified when the amplitude of the peak noise is similar to the target seismic signal

CN108759708A proposes a high-precision coherence peak positioning method that is immune to spike noise. By generating an envelope curve for the interference curve, the extreme point of the continuous function is used as the position of the coherence peak. This method is only suitable for spike noise and target earthquakes In the case of a large difference in signal amplitude, and in the case of similar amplitudes of the peak noise and the target seismic signal, it is easy to identify the extreme point of the peak noise as the position of the coherence peak, resulting in false detection

In summary, the current technology is difficult to solve the problem of seismic data denoising when the peak noise is similar to the signal amplitude

Images