Application of fertilizers that can improve soil fertility in winter wheat planting without topdressing

Abstract

Taking into account the application of fertilizers that improve the fertilizer of soil fertilizer in winter wheat, fertilizer exemption and planting. The fertilizers involved in the present invention include organic organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer, and chemical fertilizers include the following components: slowly controlling nitrogen release fertilizer, quick -acting nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer, potassium fertilizer; the fertilizer involved in the present invention involvedApplying method: The straw is crushed and spread evenly on the surface, sprinkled biological organic and chemical fertilizers evenly, deepen the soil for 20‑25cm or deep loosening 35‑40cm before all fertilizers.On the surface, spinning, the depth is 10‑15cm, so that the soil layer and organic organic fertilizer are fully mixed. The fertilizer is planted and sowed wheat and applied chemical fertilizer.After labor investment, it can quickly increase the organic matter content and bi fertilizer of the soil, have water retention, and improve the soil structure, and play a role in increasing production and efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for fertilizing winter wheat without topdressing while taking into account the improvement of soil fertility, and belongs to the technical field of crop fertilization. Background technique [0002] The growth period of winter wheat is about 240 days. In conventional production, the base fertilizer is generally applied once during the whole growth period of winter wheat (mainly application of ordinary nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer), and then topdressing is applied during the period of greening and jointing in spring (mainly application of nitrogen fertilizer, which is due to nitrogen It is determined by the characteristics of transformation and loss. Phosphorus and potassium nutrients are not easily lost in the form of gas volatilization and aqueous solution when they are applied to the soil. Only one fertilizer can meet the nutrient needs of the entire growth period. Traditional fertilization m...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Traditional fertilization mostly uses quick-acting fertilizers, with fast nutrient supply and loss, and low utilization rate; the time for spring topdressing is after the Spring Festival, and most farmers return to the city to work in agriculture. Due to the relatively low benefit of food crops and high labor costs, In production, the proportion of fertilizers that cannot be topdressed in time or not topdressed is increasing year by year, resulting in fat loss and production reduction in the late growth period of wheat, and national food security cannot be guaranteed

In addition, organic fertilizers are basically not used in current wheat-corn grain production, and chemical fertilizers are used all year round, which leads to serious consumption of organic matter in the soil, reduction of biodiversity, and decline of soil biological fertility; The solution speed is slow, and most plots have problems such as poor soil tillability and weak emergence of wheat seedlings

In summary, there is a lack of simplified fertilization methods that take into account yield and benefit, soil fertility, and ecological environmental protection in winter wheat production, and the sustainable productivity of soil is low.

[0003] Chinese patent document CN109608272A (application number: 201910103652.0) discloses a top-dressing-free fertilizer based on field crops, which can be used for field crops such as rice, wheat, and corn. It is obviously different. It is difficult to meet the nutrient requirements of all types of crops with one formula of fertilizer. In addition, potassium (potassium chloride) is easily fixed in the soil, and its mobility is not strong. Potassium fertilizer coating during production will only Increase production cost with little effect; Chinese patent document 106747833A (application number: 201710064983.9) is a compound fertilizer specially blended with urea-formaldehyde slow-release wheat, and its components include urea-formaldehyde, urea, superphosphate, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, Zinc sulfate and borax are used as blended fertilizers to provide wheat with relatively complete macronutrients and trace elements. However, due to their relatively fixed and single slow-release characteristics, urea-formaldehyde fertilizers are difficult to meet the needs of seasonal changes and large temperature and humidity changes during the growth period. Nitrogen nutrient absorption characteristics of winter wheat under large conditions, and the blended fertilizer only contains inorganic chemical nutrients, which cannot provide special effects in the formation of soil aggregate structure and soil fertility improvement. Perennial application will lead to the consumption of soil organic matter and the decline of soil biological fertility