Natural gas hydrate mechanical-hydraulic compound crushing drill expanding tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a natural gas hydrate mechanical-hydraulic compound crushing drill expanding tool. The natural gas hydrate mechanical-hydraulic compound crushing drill expanding tool comprises an upper joint, an upper outer cylinder, a lower outer cylinder, nozzles mounted in the upper outer cylinder and the lower outer cylinder, a mechanical rotating and locking mechanism, a blade expanding and contracting mechanism and a pilot hole drilling mechanism. In the drilling process, side blades are in closed state, a front-end pilot hole drill bit is used for drilling to form a small-sizedpilot hole; in a withdrawing process, the side blades are controlled to be in expansion state and rotate at a high speed for carrying mechanical crushing; the nozzles are turned on at the same time for carrying out hydraulic jet crushing; through mechanical-hydraulic compound crushing expansion, regular large-sized borehole cavities are formed. According to the natural gas hydrate mechanical-hydraulic compound crushing drill expanding tool, a compound crushing manner with size-progressive mechanical crushing and high-speed water jet crushing is adopted; the drilling and expanding efficiency is improved; the large-sized regular borehole cavities can be formed; the problem that the tool is jammed or the blades are broken caused excessively high engagement of the cutting edge in the expanding and crushing process is avoided; and the process of simplification of the whole drilling and expanding process is facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploitation, in particular to a natural gas hydrate mechanical-hydraulic composite crushing drill expanding tool. Background technique [0002] Natural gas hydrate is a "cage compound" formed by methane and water molecules under low temperature and high pressure conditions, commonly known as combustible ice, which is distributed in deep sea sediments or permafrost in land areas. Natural gas hydrates are widely distributed in continental permafrost, slopes of islands, uplifts of active and passive continental margins, polar continental shelves, and deep-water environments in oceans and some inland lakes. Natural gas hydrate has abundant reserves on the earth and has a very high combustion value, but it has not been widely used for the time being due to the difficulty of mining. It is an ideal alternative energy source for oil and natural gas in the 21st century. In order to improve th...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems existing in the use of existing natural gas hydrate production tools, and to provide a natural gas hydrate mechanical hydraulic composite crushing drill expansion tool to solve the problem that the existing hydrate production tools cannot produce uniform gas hydrate stably. Large-sized wellbore, complex natural gas hydrate extraction process, and excessive mechanical cutting at one time during the crushing process, resulting in tool jamming or blade breakage

The invention has a three-layer progressive large-size blade to achieve stable crushing, and drills a large-size wellbore during the drilling process to efficiently crush and exploit natural gas hydrate; the invention is used for three-layer progressive The progressive large-size blade crushing size adopts a progressive design from small to large, which can realize the gradual increase of the wellbore size, and can perfectly solve the problem that the production tool cuts too much at one time when mechanically cutting in the natural gas hydrate formation; The invention has the functions of drilling and crushing and mining, can realize the simplification of the natural gas hydrate mining process in the crushing and mining of natural gas hydrate, and achieve the purpose of high-efficiency, high-yield and safe mining of non-diagenetic natural gas hydrate in deep water and shallow layers

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