Biofilm carrier media in moving bed biofilm reactor processes
A moving bed biofilm and bioreactor technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, sustainable biological treatment, biological water/sewage treatment, etc., can solve the problems of poor wettability and low utilization rate of bacterial attachment surface
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Embodiment 1
[0160] Example 1: Materials and production methods of the carrier elements used in the examples
[0161] According to the following, many different types of sludge and other waste materials are used for the production of carrier elements.
[0162] 1. Industrial dewatering activated (secondary) sludge from local wastewater treatment plants
[0163] 2. Municipal dewatering and digestion (primary + secondary) sludge from local wastewater treatment plants
[0164] 3. Municipal dewatering primary + secondary sludge from wastewater treatment plants (source 1)
[0165] 4. Municipal dewatering activated (secondary) sludge from wastewater treatment plants (source 2)
[0166] 5. Dried food waste material from food producers
[0167] 6. Regenerated polyvinyl chloride (PVC) particles
[0168] The dewatered sludge cakes from 1-4 were dried in an oven at 70°C until reaching a final total dry solids content varying between 64-95% by weight. The dried cake is fed into a grinder to form...
Embodiment 2
[0172] Embodiment 2: the measurement of biological carrier element bulk mass density
[0173] At a given temperature and atmospheric pressure, the volume mass density (δ 0 ). Weigh the biocarrier particles first in air (A) and then in liquid (B). Then, the bulk mass density δ of the solid biocarrier particles can be expressed according to Equation 1 p .
[0174]
[0175] The Mettler Toledo Density Kit for AT / AG and PG / PG-S / PR balances was connected to a Mettler Toldeo PG802-S balance with a sensitivity of 10 mg. The thermometer hangs from the rim of the glass beaker on the platform of the density determination kit on the balance. At a given temperature and atmospheric pressure, fill the beaker with enough denatured ethanol (99-9 vol %) of known density to cover at least 1 cm of the solid to be measured. Suspend the supports suitable for sinking solids, and by using a fine bristle brush ensure that no air bubbles are attached to the submerged part of the supports. Th...
Embodiment 3
[0181] Embodiment 3: Measurement of the falling speed of the biological carrier element
[0182] The falling velocity of the carrier particles was measured according to the falling ball viscometer experiment. An 80 cm high measuring cup with a diameter of 5 cm was filled with denatured ethanol (99.9% ethanol by volume). The outside of the measuring cup was marked in centimeters and each pellet was held just below the ethanol surface with tweezers. The pellet was released and a timer was started when the pellet passed the zero centimeter mark five centimeters below the ethanol surface. When the pellets reached the seventy centimeter mark five centimeters above the bottom of the measuring cup, the timer was stopped. Therefore, the particle settling velocity can be calculated by dividing the falling height of the particle (0.7 m) by the measured time. Ethanol was used instead of water as the liquid medium because ethanol has a significantly lower surface tension compared to ...
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