Offshore wind plant biological monitoring method and system based on passive acoustics

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore wind plant biological monitoring method and system based on passive acoustics. The method comprises the steps: acquiring audio streams, ship noises and offshore wind farm construction noises generated by marine organisms of a wind plant through a hydrophone; carrying out underwater biological sound acquisition on original audio data acquired by the hydrophone through an acoustic signal acquisition card, and performing converting to obtain a corresponding digital audio signal after the acquisition is completed; filtering an ocean background noise signals of the digital audio signal through a preset sound program, and separating and marking marine organism sound signals, ship noise signals and offshore wind plant construction noise signals; and displayingand analyzing the marine organism sound signals in real time by adopting an NI LabVIEW program to obtain corresponding marine organism data so as to complete biological monitoring of the offshore windplant according to the marine organism data. According to the invention, marine organism data and external noises can be comprehensively considered to carry out real-time detection and classificationon marine organism signals, and the real-time performance and comprehensiveness of marine organism monitoring are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine ecological environment monitoring, in particular to a method and system for biological monitoring of offshore wind farms based on passive acoustics. Background technique [0002] As my country clearly puts forward the strategic goal of building a powerful marine country, offshore wind power, as an emerging marine industry and a new growth point of marine economy, is developing rapidly. my country's offshore wind power development started late, and opportunities and challenges coexist. Therefore, more and more attention is paid to the development of offshore wind farms. [0003] In the early stage of offshore wind farm construction, geological exploration must be carried out. For example, the use of high-power acoustic signal detection sources will bring high-intensity underwater noise and radiated underwater noise from ships in geological exploration. During the construction period of the wind fa...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, in the process of research and practice of the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have found that the prior art carries out data collection and research on marine organisms through hydrophones and has the following defects. On the one hand, due to the need for prior art After the data collection is completed, the data in the memory card can be read for data analysis, and it is impossible to guarantee real-time acquisition and monitoring of the waveform and spectrum of marine biological sounds. This is only applicable to the study of the occurrence of mammals offline, but in sea During the construction period of the wind farm, marine mammals are often more likely to appear in the relevant sea areas. The self-contained hydrophone array cannot reflect the changes in marine biological behavior during the construction of the wind farm in a timely manner, so timely decisions cannot be made. In this case, there may be potential impacts on marine life

On the other hand, the communication signal of marine mammals is a continuous signal whose amplitude and frequency vary with time, and the duration ranges from a few tenths of a second to a few seconds. The frequency distribution is mainly concentrated in the audio frequency range, generally thousands to several Between ten thousand hertz, it is mainly used for population communication, emotional expression, long-distance communication, individual identification, etc.; emergency emergency signals are generally sent out when creatures are angry, afraid, annoyed, and frustrated; It is difficult to describe and collect, and the monitoring of marine organisms in the existing technology is only limited to the study of the law of biological vocalization, lacking the comprehensiveness of information in marine biological monitoring

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