A biological monitoring method and system for offshore wind farms based on passive acoustics

Abstract

The invention discloses a biological monitoring method and system of an offshore wind farm based on passive acoustics. The method includes: acquiring the audio stream, ship noise, and construction noise of an offshore wind farm through a hydrophone; The acquisition card collects the underwater biological sound of the original audio data collected by the hydrophone, and converts the corresponding digital audio signal after the acquisition is completed; filters the ocean background noise signal of the digital audio signal through the preset sound program, and separates and marks it out. Marine biological sound signals, ship noise signals and offshore wind farm construction noise signals; NI LabVIEW program is used to display and analyze marine biological sound signals in real time to obtain corresponding marine biological data, so as to complete the biological monitoring of offshore wind farms based on marine biological data. The invention can comprehensively consider marine biological data and external noise to detect and classify marine biological signals in real time, and improve the real-time and comprehensiveness of marine biological monitoring.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of marine ecological environment monitoring, in particular to a method and system for biological monitoring of offshore wind farms based on passive acoustics. Background technique [0002] As my country clearly puts forward the strategic goal of building a powerful marine country, offshore wind power, as an emerging marine industry and a new growth point of marine economy, is developing rapidly. my country's offshore wind power development started late, and opportunities and challenges coexist. Therefore, more and more attention is paid to the development of offshore wind farms. [0003] In the early stage of offshore wind farm construction, geological exploration must be carried out. For example, the use of high-power acoustic signal detection sources will bring high-intensity underwater noise and radiated underwater noise from ships in geological exploration. During the construction period of the wind fa...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] However, in the process of research and practice of the prior art, the inventors of the present invention have found that the prior art carries out data collection and research on marine organisms through hydrophones and has the following defects. On the one hand, due to the need for prior art After the data collection is completed, the data in the memory card can be read for data analysis, and it is impossible to guarantee real-time acquisition and monitoring of the waveform and spectrum of marine biological sounds. This is only applicable to the study of the occurrence of mammals offline, but in sea During the construction period of the wind farm, marine mammals are often more likely to appear in the relevant sea areas. The self-contained hydrophone array cannot reflect the changes in marine biological behavior during the construction of the wind farm in a timely manner, so timely decisions cannot be made. In this case, there may be potential impacts on marine life

On the other hand, the communication signal of marine mammals is a continuous signal whose amplitude and frequency vary with time, and the duration ranges from a few tenths of a second to a few seconds. The frequency distribution is mainly concentrated in the audio frequency range, generally thousands to several Between ten thousand hertz, it is mainly used for population communication, emotional expression, long-distance communication, individual identification, etc.; emergency emergency signals are generally sent out when creatures are angry, afraid, annoyed, and frustrated; It is difficult to describe and collect, and the monitoring of marine organisms in the existing technology is only limited to the study of the law of biological vocalization, lacking the comprehensiveness of information in marine biological monitoring

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