Leaching test device and leaching capacity test method using same

Abstract

A soil column leaching test device comprises a column body, a bottom flange and a gas collector, a soil layer and a quartz sand layer are sequentially arranged in the column body from top to bottom, the bottom flange is arranged below the column body, and a plurality of sampling ports are further formed in the column body. The leaching test method using the device specifically comprises the following steps: respectively collecting soil layer samples of a plurality of section levels, and treating for later use; calculating the mass of soil needing to be filled according to the volume weights of different soil layers, adding distilled water into the column after the soil layers are filled, dissolving the prepared solid fertilizer in surface water in a room at the temperature of 24-26 DEG C, starting leaching, sampling from top to bottom according to the plant growth cycle, receiving a natural leaching solution, collecting and monitoring greenhouse gas emission by using an injector, completing leaching, collecting soil samples in a layered manner, and treating the samples for nutrient determination. The method has the advantages of being accurate in metering, low in investment cost, easy and convenient to operate and the like, and can provide technical means for research of solute transport, farmland nutrient management and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fermentation biological leaching tests, and in particular relates to a leaching test device and a leaching test method using the device. Background technique [0002] Since the founding of the People's Republic of China, in order to meet people's growing material needs, the amount of chemical fertilizers used in agricultural production has been increasing. However, the utilization rate of chemical fertilizers in my country is relatively small. Nitrogen fertilizers that are only used in food crops and vegetable cultivation have a large amount of loss every year. , has brought serious threats to ecosystems such as farmland and rivers. Rice, wheat, and corn are the main grain crops in my country, and their average utilization rates of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers are relatively low. According to statistics, the nitrogen utilization rates of winter wheat and summer corn in the North China Plain, the mai...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, the technical method of using soil column leaching to study the migration and transformation of farmland soil nutrients is easy to be widely used and promoted. Generally, soil leaching devices can be divided into undisturbed soil columns filled with undisturbed soil and refilled disturbed soil soil columns. , the former can well maintain the physical and chemical properties of the soil, better represent the state of the field, and approximate the leaching law of farmland soil, but the test is more difficult to sample, time-consuming and laborious; while the latter is filled and screened. The filling quality is controlled according to the soil bulk density of different layers. The test conditions are controllable to ensure the single variable principle, and the indoor simulated leaching soil column has the advantages of accurate measurement, low input cost, and easy operation, which can be used for solute transportation. Provide technical means for researches such as migration and farmland nutrient management

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