Compact apparatus for noninvasive measurement of glucose through near-infrared spectroscopy

Abstract

The invention involves the monitoring of a biological parameter through a compact analyzer. The preferred apparatus is a spectrometer based system that is attached continuously or semi-continuously to a human subject and collects spectral measurements that are used to determine a biological parameter in the sampled tissue. The preferred target analyte is glucose. The preferred analyzer is a near-IR based glucose analyzer for determining the glucose concentration in the body.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application is a divisional of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10 / 472,856 filed Mar. 3, 2003, which claims: [0002] priority to PCT application no. PCT / US03 / 07065 filed Mar. 3, 2003, which claims benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 60 / 362,885, filed on Mar. 8, 2002; [0003] benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 60 / 362,899, filed on Mar. 8, 2002; and [0004] benefit of U.S. provisional patent application No. 60 / 448,840 filed on Feb. 19, 2003; [0005] each of which is incorporated herein in its entirety by this reference thereto.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0006] 1. Field of the Invention [0007] This invention relates generally to the noninvasive measurement of biological parameters through near-infrared spectroscopy. In particular, an apparatus and a method are disclosed for noninvasively, and continuously or semi-continuously, monitoring a biological parameter, such as glucose in tissue. [0008] 2. Discussio...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Obviously, this form of alternative invasive glucose determination may not be used to collect venous or arterial blood for analysis, but may be used to collect capillary blood samples.

However, some of the techniques can be applied to the skin in a fashion that draws blood.

This leads to samples being collected with varying analyte and interferent concentrations.

Another example is that a laser poration method can result in blood droplets.

Conversely, devices such as a lancet, applied current, laser poration, or suction are referred to as either a traditional invasive or alternative invasive technique as they do not fulfill both the three hour and penetration of skin parameters.

First, at least part of the device penetrates the skin.

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