The invention discloses a method for monofluoromethoxylation of carbohydrates by regulating the reactivity of alkoxy radicals through a
carbohydrate ring, which comprises the following steps: activating a substrate
alcohol compound under the condition of no additional oxidant by using
metal silver or silver salt as a catalyst and
Selectfluor as a
fluorine source, so that-OH of the substrate
alcohol compound is directly homogenized to generate alkoxy radicals, and the alkoxy radicals are separated to obtain the monofluoromethoxylation of the carbohydrates. And then adjusting the reactivity of the alkoxy free radical through a
sugar group so as to generate C-C
bond breaking, thereby synthesizing the alpha-monofluoromethoxy substituted
carbohydrate compound. According to the method, the reactivity of the alkoxy free radicals is adjusted through
sugar ring induction, by means of a monofluoromethoxylation method in
glucoside synthesis, the situation that OCH2F free radicals are difficult to prepare and unstable is avoided, and the product can be generated only under the condition that the reaction time is short. The method is simple in operation and controllable in reaction, most importantly, when the reaction is amplified to
gram-level reaction, the target product can still be obtained at high yield, further amplification is possible, and potential application value is achieved.