The invention discloses a respiratory action self-cleaning device of a mainframe of a 
desk computer. The respiratory action self-cleaning device comprises a first alternative-current 
servo motor, wherein a first 
respiration opening is arranged at heat 
radiation holes in the back side of the mainframe of the 
desk computer; a second 
respiration opening is arranged at a heat 
radiation hole in the side surface of the mainframe of the 
desk computer; the first alternative-current 
servo motor drives an 
air compressor to generate 
compressed air; a second alternative-current 
servo motor is adopted to drive a 
vacuum pump through a 
coupling to implement a vacuum sucking function; the generated 
compressed air enters the mainframe of the desk computer through a pulse valve to generate 
pulse flow and turbulent flow; under the action of a 
reversing valve, the first 
respiration opening is in a dust blowing state or a dust sucking state, and the second respiration opening is in a dust sucking state or a dust blowing state, so that the respiration function is achieved; a central controller is used for receiving and 
processing signals of a photosensitive sensor. Through the adoption of the respiratory action self-cleaning device, a cleaning effect is ensured as functions of turbulent flow and the 
pulse flow are utilized with the combination of the internal structural characteristics of the desk computer.