High-power pulse tube refrigerator based on Stirling refrigerator

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-power pulse tube refrigerator based on a Stirling refrigerator, which comprises a crank connecting link, a compression piston, an after-stage water cooler, a regenerator, a cold-end heat exchanger and a pulse tube system. A moving part, namely an expansion piston at a cold end of the prior (Phillips) Stirling refrigerator is substituted by the pulse tube system, andthe pulse tube system comprises a pulse tube, a hot-end heat exchanger, an inertance tube and an air reservoir. No moving part exists at a cold end of the high-power pulse tube refrigerator, thereby solving the problems such as machine wear and serious vibration caused by the expansion piston, remarkably improving the reliability of the refrigerator and widening the application range of the refrigerator. The high-power pulse tube refrigerator adopts the annular regenerator with mature technology, reduces the annular flow of gas in the regenerator, effectively solves the problems of nonuniformtemperature and flowing universally existing in the high-power pulse tube refrigerator, and increases the symmetry of radial temperature, thereby reducing the loss of the regenerator in the high-powerpulse tube refrigerator, and improving the efficiency of the refrigerator.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a cryogenic refrigerator, in particular to a high-power pulse tube refrigerator based on a Stirling refrigerator. Background technique [0002] In 1860, Kirk succeeded in using reverse Stirling cycle refrigeration, which opened the prelude to the research of Stirling refrigerators. In 1954, the Dutch Phillips Laboratory made a practical Stirling refrigerator for air liquefaction for the first time. Its structure is as follows: figure 1 As shown, it includes an oil-lubricated compressor, a compression piston 2 and an expansion piston 6 with a certain motion phase difference driven by a crank connecting rod (main connecting rod 5 and auxiliary connecting rod 1), a water cooler 3, a regenerator 4 and a cooling End heat exchanger 7. This type of Stirling refrigerator has a large cooling capacity, a compact structure, a high cooling coefficient (COP), a long production history, and a mature manufacturing process. However, the Sti...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the Stirling refrigerator with the above-mentioned structure has the following problems: First, because the cold end adopts the expansion piston to provide the phase difference, the structure of the cold end of the machine is complicated, the reliability of the whole machine is reduced, and the wear of the sealing material, the cylinder body Wear restricts the further improvement of its reliability

Second, since the expansion piston at the cold end is a moving part, the vibration at the cold end of the machine is obvious, which restricts the scope of use of this type of structural refrigerator

Although people try to use various means to improve its performance, the above shortcomings have not been fundamentally resolved, and the limited improvement is also at the expense of expensive costs.

There is serious flow inhomogeneity inside the regenerator under the large size. Experimental research shows that the temperature difference on the same circumference can even be as high as 30K or more. This flow inhomogeneity significantly reduces the efficiency of the regenerator and seriously restricts the large Development and progress of power pulse tube refrigerator

The existing improvements mainly include adding lateral heat conduction measures or adding gas distributors in the regenerator, these measures have improved the performance of the regenerator to a certain extent, but still have not eradicated the inhomogeneity of the flow in the regenerator

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