Method for hybrid breeding of broad beans

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for hybrid breeding of broad beans, which comprises the following steps: firstly, castration: during the period between sunrise and sunset, selecting hybrid flowers, clamping at the positions 2-3 mm below the back lines of the hybrid flowers with forceps, and slightly clamping the petals out and pulling out completely; secondly, pollination: performing pollination on the same day or the next day, and controlling the pollination time within 12-16 o'clock; selecting male parent flowers with the pollen being about to shed or just shedding; clamping the pollen grains with the pollen just shedding out with the forceps, and slighting daubing the pollen grains onto the exposed stigmas of female parent flowers; thirdly, tagging; and fourthly, pruning. The method has the advantages that the petals are clamped and completely pulled out with forceps, and the castration is quick during hybrid breeding of the broad beans, thus not damaging the stigmas and exempting the germens from hurting, and pollination is convenient due to exposed stigmas; after castration, the female parent flowers have no petals and anther, thus not inducing insects and not requiring isolation measures which cause defaults such as secondary damage to the female parent flowers after pollination, therefore, both the working efficiency and the success ratio of hybrid breeding and fruiting are higher than the traditional methods.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a broad bean hybrid breeding method. Background technique [0002] Because the seed-setting rate of broad bean is generally low, in order to obtain a certain number of hybrid seeds in cross-breeding of broad bean, it is necessary to do more number of hybrid flowers. In the process of broad bean cross breeding, detasseling is one of the important steps. In the past, until now, some scientific research institutions at home and abroad still adopt the traditional method of smearing pollen on the pistil stigma after selecting suitable hybrid flowers, using tweezers to remove the flag petals, wing petals and keel petals, and then taking out ten anthers one by one. Broad bean emasculation hybrid breeding method. After emasculation and pollination, it needs to be isolated with a net cover to prevent insects such as bees and thrips from pollinating. This method has low efficiency of emasculation and hybridization, and is likely to ca...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method has low efficiency of emasculation and hybridization, and it is easy to cause consequences such as incomplete emasculation, easy damage to the stigma of the female parent during emasculation and pollination, resulting in failure of hybridization

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