Passive natural-circulation lead bismuth heat exchange device and method for discharging heat out of reactor core

Abstract

The invention discloses a passive natural-circulation lead bismuth heat exchange device for heat transfer by a lead bismuth fluid and a method for discharging heat out of reactor core, belonging to the field of nuclear energy heat exchange equipment. The heat exchange device particularly comprises two natural-circulation heat transfer loop structures, namely a round loop and a square loop, and is a device which realizes natural-circulation heat transfer at two sides. The inner ring of an inner ring pipe is a primary side lead bismuth alloy fluid passage, and a secondary side fluid passage is arranged between the outer ring of the inner ring pipe and the inner wall of an outer ring pipe. Heat generated by a subcritical reactor of an ADS (accelerator driven system) is transferred to coolants of the two loops by the liquid lead bismuth alloy through the inner ring pipe of the device, the lead bismuth alloy flows through the device to exchange heat with a secondary side fluid. The primary side heat exchange fluid and the secondary side heat exchange fluid form natural circulation under the driving of a density difference, and the high-efficiency, energy-saving, safe and reliable passive characteristic is achieved. The device is simple and easy to operate, is free of a complicated lead bismuth pump, is in no need of a power source and has the characteristics of energy conservation, high safety and high reliability. The passive natural-circulation lead bismuth heat exchange device and the method for discharging heat out of the reactor core comply with the current policy of energy conservation and emission reduction and are easy in market promotion.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of nuclear energy heat exchange equipment, and particularly relates to a passive natural circulation lead-bismuth heat exchange device using lead-bismuth fluid for heat transfer and a method for deriving heat from a reactor core. Specifically, the heat generated in the ADS subcritical reactor is brought out by the device to ensure the safe operation of the ADS reactor and realize the normal power generation of new energy. Background technique [0002] ADS (accelerate driven system) is one of the most promising transmutation technologies. It is composed of a medium-energy high-current proton accelerator, an exogenous neutron generation target and a subcritical reactor. It is an efficient nuclear waste transmutation furnace. The basic principle of ADS is as follows: the proton beam generated by the accelerator bombards the heavy metal target in the subcritical reactor, causing a spallation reaction, and then generates neutr...

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Problems solved by technology

However, all research is based on forced circulation heat transfer, which requires power support, and the manufacture of lead-bismuth pumps is also a complicated process

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