Waveguide coupling element with forward and backward coupling properties and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a waveguide coupling element with forward and backward coupling properties and a manufacturing method thereof. The waveguide coupling element with the forward and backward coupling properties comprises a base layer, at least one backward-coupling layer, a medium layer and at least one forward-coupling layer, wherein one end of the forward-coupling layer can be connected with an external optical fiber to couple light waves transmitted by the optical fiber; and the light waves can be efficiently coupled into the backward-coupling layer in a coupling order from the forward-coupling layer to the medium layer to the forward-coupling layer, and are limited to be transmitted in the backward-coupling layer. Furthermore, with the adoption of the manufacturing method, the waveguide coupling element with the forward and backward coupling properties can be manufactured in a large scale with low cost by using the conventional semiconductor process.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a waveguide coupling element, in particular to a waveguide coupling element with forward and reverse coupling characteristics capable of coupling light waves with high efficiency and a manufacturing method thereof. Background technique [0002] In recent years, due to the development of network and information transmission, the amount of data transmitted through the network has increased greatly. Therefore, the traditional method of data transmission through coaxial cables is no longer sufficient; however, compared to coaxial cables , Optical fiber has many advantages such as large communication capacity, small signal loss, no electromagnetic interference, light weight, and small size. Therefore, optical fiber transmission has become the main tool for network transmission data at present. [0003] In addition to optical fibers, optical components used to couple optical fibers also play a very important role in the field of opti...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The above-mentioned optical waveguide element 1' with a surface grating is a reverse coupler (contra-direction coupler), and its advantage is that the period of the periodic surface grating 4' can be changed to couple light waves of a specific wavelength; however, in order to make The surface grating 4' will not be damaged when it is combined with the optical fiber. Therefore, a protective layer must be formed on the surface grating 4', but the formation of the protective layer has caused the reduction of the coupling light wave efficiency of the optical waveguide element 1'. In addition When using the optical waveguide element 1' with the surface grating to perform light wave coupling, the period of the surface grating 4' must also be phase-matched with the light wave, so that the work of coupling light wave can be carried out efficiently. The overall coupling efficiency of the

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