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Two-way wave imaging method based on broadband wavelet reconstruction

An imaging method and two-way wave technology, applied in the field of petroleum seismic exploration, can solve the problems of narrow frequency band and unreal frequency components of seismic imaging, and achieve the effect of suppressing imaging noise, ensuring reliability, and enhancing imaging signals

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-07-18
中国石油集团西北地质研究所有限公司
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  • Abstract
  • Description
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Problems solved by technology

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the conventional two-way wave imaging technology that the seismic imaging frequency band is narrow and the frequency components are not true due to the single wavelet frequency; Wavelet, a high-precision reverse time migration imaging method based on multi-scale broadband source wavelets; this method can make source wavelets closer to seismic record wavelets, and realize theoretical model data, marine seismic data and land seismic data with variable wavelets Accurate imaging; it has the characteristics of accurate seismic imaging phase, high resolution and real and reliable imaging position

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  • Two-way wave imaging method based on broadband wavelet reconstruction

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Embodiment 1

[0050] Such as figure 1 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a wide-frequency wavelet reconstruction two-way wave imaging process:

[0051] Firstly, the frequency trend range is determined according to e. It is necessary to protect the wave field, amplitude and frequency information while processing e. According to the parameters determined by e, the waveform and amplitude spectrum of the Reker wavelet are determined according to the main frequency of the seismic data, and the wide-frequency source wavelet is constructed to obtain a, e can obtain h according to steps D and E. From a→d can be completed by steps D and E, and save the wave field value. In the process of practical application, due to the limitations of machine memory and storage, not all wave field information is saved. In the forward extrapolation process of the source wave field from a to d along time, only the two-layer wave field at the beginning of this section is stored and the absorb...

Embodiment 2

[0054] As an application example, the surface of the Pre-Caspian Sea Basin is dominated by grassland hills, and there are rivers, swamps, and clay soils at the same time. It is low in the middle and high at both ends. There are three layers (low-speed zone, slow-speed zone, high-speed layer), the change of speed and thickness of the low-speed zone is relatively gentle, its speed is 350-900 m / s, its thickness is 10-15 meters, and it is related to the surface elevation; Three-dimensional contiguous data (acquired in 2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008) are used, all of which are 3D seismic records collected by vibrators. Figure 7a It can be seen that the shallow, middle and deep seismic data reflection wave groups are relatively complete, the energy is moderate, the signal-to-noise ratio is high, and multiple sets of reflection wave groups are clear and continuous, indicating that the quality of the original data is good. However, huge thick salt domes are developed in this area, and th...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a two-way wave imaging method based on broadband wavelet reconstruction. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) carrying out frequency spectrum analysis on a single shot in seismic acquisition and determining the main frequency and dominant frequency distribution range of the single shot; (2) determining a wave form and an amplitude spectrum of a Ricker wavelet according to the main frequency of seismic data; (3) constructing a broadband source wavelet in combination with the frequency-band range of seismic data; (4) realizing forward modeling of the source wavelet and recording reverse-time extrapolation in a seismic wave field; (5) segmenting the recording time in the forward pass of a shot wave field and storing only two levels of wave field data at the beginning in each segment; and (6) carrying out reverse-time extrapolation and relatively imaging seismic wave fields. According to the method, the best matching of the source wavelet and the seismic recording and the precise extrapolation of the full waves are realized, the difficulty of precise imaging of complex construction and complex seismic wave fields is solved well, the amplitude and phase information of deep seismic imaging is protected effectively and the reliability of precisely imaging earthquake in a deep domain is guaranteed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of petroleum seismic exploration, and in particular relates to a new two-way wave imaging method based on broadband wavelet reconstruction, which is suitable for accurate imaging of various types of complex seismic wave fields and complex structures. Background technique [0002] In recent years, with the continuous deepening of petroleum seismic exploration, seismic exploration has developed into complex structural areas, the problems faced by seismic exploration have become more complex, and it is more difficult to obtain accurate structural forms of underground media. Imaging technology has been developed over the years and is the most effective means of obtaining subsurface structures. In the pre-stack depth-domain imaging method, the methods currently adopted by the industry include the integral solution of the wave equation based on ray theory and the one-way wave solution of the differential wave equa...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28
Inventor 王宇超王西文雍学善刘文卿胡自多赵磊李斐
Owner 中国石油集团西北地质研究所有限公司
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