Shear type expansion anchor rod and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a shear type expansion anchor rod which can be effectively applied to anchoring or reinforcing or fixing of loose and unstable layers in the engineering of tunnels, slope protection, foundation pits, dams, exploitation and the like, and an application method thereof. The shear type expansion anchor rod comprises a lug-containing nut support the upper part of which is hinged with expansion plates, and a screw rod matched with the lug-containing nut support, wherein the top end part of the screw rod is a cambered surface or semispherical head; the cambered surface or semispherical head on the top end part of the screw rod is contacted with the inner side corner of a bevel plane on the lower end part of each expansion plate; the inner side corner of the bevel plane on the lower end part of each expansion plate can be directly driven to continuously push each expansion plate to strut in a shear form towards an outer side by rotating the screw rod; a support plate and a nut matched with the support plate are sleeved at the lower end of the screw rod. The shear type expansion anchor rod has the advantages of simple and skilful structure, easiness in machining and manufacturing, convenience and reliability in use and low machining cost.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an anchor rod in the technical field of anchoring, in particular to a scissor expansion anchor rod and its application method. Background technique [0002] In the implementation of projects such as mines, tunnels, slope protection, foundation pits, and dams, it has become an application trend to use anchor bolts to reinforce loose and unstable layers. The existing anchor bolts include the following types: [0003] 1. Expansion tubular anchors and expansion shell anchors. Due to their own structural defects, the opening and closing degree and stiffness of the expansion end of the anchor head and the force after expansion are limited due to their own structural defects. The stable solid layer realizes reliable expansion consolidation or locking, poor pull-out resistance, weak suspension and clamping force; [0004] 2. In order to make up for the above defects, there have been grouting anchors and injection expansion anchors. Th...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] 1. Expansion tubular anchors and expansion shell anchors. Due to their own structural defects, the opening and closing degree and stiffness of the expansion end of the anchor head and the force after expansion are limited due to their own structural defects. The stable solid layer realizes reliable expansion consolidation or locking, poor pull-out resistance, weak suspension and clamping force;

[0004] 2. In order to make up for the above defects, there have been grouting anchors and injection expansion anchors. This type of anchor is made by stringing together a number of loose or fragmented layers and filling the gaps with slurry and increasing the anchorage and anchorage. The overall friction of the matrix hole wall realizes the so-called "composite beam" or "arch effect". State solid layer), taking a step back, even if the so-called "composite beam" or "arch effect" can be expected to work, the clamping force that strings loose or fragmented layers together still requires strong opening and closing and rigidity of the expansion end of the anchor rod , otherwise the nut at the end of the anchor rod cannot tighten them, and the anchor rod can only play the role of "pin", and cannot effectively realize the role of "composite beam" or "arch effect";

[0005] 3. In order to solve the problem of anchor head consolidation, people have developed an adhesive method. It is obvious that adhesives cannot substantially solve the "rooting" problem of the anchor, that is, it is impossible to make the anchor head and the matrix The firm and reliable consolidation or locking of the elastic zone or the stable solid layer, especially for the suspension or permanent anchoring of the upper part of the surrounding rock, or must reflect the immediate anchoring effect, while the adhesive needs a curing period, and the adhesive has no effect on the application environment Adhesive adhesives cannot be used at all under conditions such as wet or soft sand and gravel layers or poorly cleaned holes, not to mention the negative reactions of adhesives to different application objects and service life. predict;

[0006] 4. In order to make up for the inability to "take root" or the unreliability of "rooting", people have adopted the method of increasing the anchoring density to distribute the weight or displacement force of the loose layer to more anchor rods, which greatly increases the labor intensity. , reduced work efficiency and construction progress, and greatly increased the overall cost. However, the problem of "rooting" the anchor rod has not been resolved. , treat the symptoms but not the root cause, and if it is not done well, it will disturb or destroy the surrounding stable layer

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